广东省10种典型常绿阔叶林细小可燃物的燃烧特性  

Combustion Characteristic of Fine Combustibles in 10 Typical Evergreen Broad-leaved Forests in Guangdong Province

作　　者：王璐鹏 马云 罗民军 梁安 苏志荣 兰天 WANG Lupeng;MA Yun;LUO Minjun;LIANG An;SU Zhirong;LAN Tian(Yunfu Fire and Rescue Detachment,Yunfu,Guangdong 527399,China)

机构地区：[1]云浮市消防救援支队,广东云浮527399

出　　处：《林业与环境科学》2023年第1期90-95,共6页Forestry and Environmental Science

基　　金：云浮市科技计划项目(2020020301)。

摘　　要：森林中的细小可燃物是引发森林火灾的关键因素。文章选用广东省5种典型常绿阔叶林树种的枯枝和枯叶共10种样品,通过元素成分分析、工业分析和热重分析研究了细小可燃物的燃料特性和燃烧特性,计算了每种样品的着火温度,并引入着火温度和可燃性指数两种可燃性指标对各样品的可燃性进行量化。实验结果表明:马尾松Pinus massoniana叶具有最高的挥发分含量,杧果叶的挥发分含量最低;杧果Mangifera indica枝的着火温度最低,枫香Liquidambar formosana枝的着火温度最高。在细小可燃物的燃烧过程中,挥发分的燃烧比焦的燃烧更加剧烈,反应速率更快。综合燃烧难易程度和剧烈程度,可燃性排序为杧果叶<香樟枝<枫香叶<枫香枝<杧果枝<香樟叶<马尾松叶<洋紫荆叶<马尾松枝<洋紫荆枝。Small combustibles in forests are the key factors causing forest fires.In this paper,ten samples of dead branches and leaves of five typical evergreen broad-leaved forest species in Guangdong Province were selected.The fuel characteristics and combustion characteristics of fine fuels were studied by elemental composition analysis,proximate analysis and thermogravimetric analysis.The ignition temperature of each sample was calculated,and two flammability indexes,ignition temperature and flammability index,were introduced to quantify the flammability of each sample.The results showed that Pinus massoniana leaves had the highest volatile content,while Mangifera indica leaves had the lowest volatile content.M.indica branches had the lowest ignition temperature.Liquidambar formosana branches have the highest ignition temperature.In the combustion process of small combustibles,the combustion of volatiles is more intense and the reaction rate is faster than that of coke.Considering the difficulty and severity of combustion,the flammability is ranked as M.indica leaves<Cinnamomum camphora branches<L.formosana leaves<L.formosana branches<M.indica branches<C.camphora leaves<P.massoniana leaves<Bauhinia variegata leaves<P.massoniana branches<B.variegata branches.

关 键 词：森林可燃物 热重分析 燃料特性 燃烧特性 

分 类 号：S762[农业科学—森林保护学]