知识产权侵权损害赔偿计算方法的制度重构  

Reconstruction of Methods of Calculating Damages in Intellectual Property Infringement Cases

作　　者：梁志文[1] LIANG Zhiwen

机构地区：[1]南京师范大学法学院

出　　处：《法治研究》2023年第2期60-72,共13页Research on Rule of Law

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重点项目“外观设计知识产权多维保护法律问题研究”(项目编号:22AFX011)研究成果。

摘　　要：知识产权损害具有难以精确计算的特点,法院确定的赔偿数额既有可能对权利人补偿不足,也有可能出现补偿过度。近些年来,我国法上备受关注的问题是补偿不足,其中,占主导地位的法定赔偿规则备受质疑。我国法上门类齐全的赔偿数额计算方式不能发挥作用,是因为它存在三方面的缺陷:法定赔偿定位混杂、惩罚性赔偿计算基准有欠周全以及未能确认法院裁定合理许可使用费的计算方式。为了实现激励创新的知识产权立法目标,法律不仅需要在辅助权利人举证制度和扩大法院的自由裁量权两方面予以改进,而且也需要重构损害赔偿的计算方式。因此,《专利法》等知识产权法应该厘清法定赔偿与惩罚性赔偿的关系,重构惩罚性赔偿的计算基准,建立合理许可使用费的计算方式并明确其适用的案件类型。It well may be that exactness in calculating damages of intellectual property(IP) is not an easy one, in which would be undercompensated right-holder of IP, otherwise be overcompensated under the other conditions.Undercompensated right-holder of IP is the main problem to enhance protection of IP in China, the statutory damages are the predominant remedies for infringement of the IP and criticized by most scholars. In order to incentive innovation, it not only presents both evident rules and judges’ discrete for applying doctrine of calculating damages, but also reconstructs the methods of calculating damages through laws reform, specifically amending the nature of statutory damages to compensation, changing the base for calculating punitive damages, and establishing the reasonable royalties which the damages shall be determined under judges’ discrete. The Patent Law, Copyright Law and Trademark Law, which are being revised, should improve the rules for determining damages.

关 键 词：赔偿数额计算 自由裁量权 法定赔偿 惩罚性赔偿 合理许可使用费 

分 类 号：D923.42[政治法律—民商法学]