出口梗阻型便秘影像学诊断及临床治疗研究进展  

Research progress in imaging diagnosis and clinical treatment of outlet obstructive constipation

作　　者：薛忠海 XUE Zhong-hai(Department of General Surgery,Tianjin Binhai New Area Dagang Hospital,Tianjin 300270,China)

机构地区：[1]天津市滨海新区大港医院普通外科,天津300270

出　　处：《中国城乡企业卫生》2023年第2期34-36,共3页Chinese Journal of Urban and Rural Enterprise Hygiene

摘　　要：出口梗阻型便秘是临床上发生率较高的功能性肛肠疾病,属于功能性便秘中常见病、多发病,患者常伴有肛门、盆底结构与功能异常。出口梗阻型便秘根据其病理特点可分为盆底松弛综合征与盆底痉挛综合征两类,但是无论何种类型均伴有排便困难、无便意及排便不尽感等。目前,出口梗阻型便秘的临床诊断方法多以直肠管测压、结肠传输功能试验、超声、肛门直肠指检及排粪造影等为主,均能帮助患者早期确诊。内科治疗、手术治疗等均为出口梗阻型便秘常用的治疗方法,不同方法各有优缺点,多数患者可从中获益。手术治疗虽然能改善出口梗阻型便秘患者症状,但经腹部游离直肠到盆底时并发症发生率相对较高,且患者术后复发率亦相对较高,影响患者预后。因此,本文对出口梗阻型便秘的类型、影像学诊断及临床治疗等研究进展进行综述,以期为出口梗阻型便秘的临床诊疗提供帮助。Outlet obstructive constipation is the functional anorectal disease with a high clinical incidence.It is a common and frequently-occurring disease in functional constipation. Patients are often accompanied by anal and pelvic floor structural and functional abnormalities. Outlet obstructive constipation can be divided into pelvic floor relaxation syndrome and spastic pelvic floor syndrome according to its pathological characteristics. However,regardless of the type,it is accompanied by difficulty in defecation,no desire to defecate,and a feeling of incomplete defecation,etc. At present,rectal tube manometry,colonic transit function test,ultrasound,digital anorectal examination and defecography are the main clinical diagnosis methods for outlet obstructive constipation,which can help patients to make an early diagnosis. Medical treatment and surgical treatment are commonly used treatment methods for outlet obstructive constipation.Different methods have their own advantages and disadvantages,and most patients can benefit from them.Surgical treatment can improve the symptoms of outlet obstructive constipation patients,when the rectum is freed from the abdomen to the pelvic floor,the incidence of complications is relatively high and the postoperative recurrence rate of patients is also relatively high,which affects the prognosis of patients.Therefore,this article reviews the research progress of the types,imaging diagnosis and clinical treatment of outlet obstructive constipation,so as to provide help for clinical diagnosis and treatment of outlet obstrucitve constipation.

关 键 词：出口梗阻型便秘 影像学诊断 临床治疗 盆底松弛综合征 盆底痉挛综合征 

分 类 号：R4[医药卫生—临床医学]