Fe-Cr-B-C系耐磨堆焊合金组织与性能  

Microstructure and properties of Fe-Cr-B-C series wear-resistant surfacing alloys

作　　者：孙洪斌 王龙权 马振[1] 蔡丁森 李慕勤[1] Sun Hongbin;Wang Longquan;Ma Zhen;Cai Dingsen;Li Muqin(Jiamusi University,Jiamusi 150007,Heilongjiang,China;Harbin Welding Institute Co.,Ltd.,Harbin 150028,China)

机构地区：[1]佳木斯大学,黑龙江佳木斯150007 [2]中国机械总院集团哈尔滨焊接研究所有限公司,哈尔滨150028

出　　处：《焊接》2023年第1期43-49,共7页Welding & Joining

基　　金：黑龙江省自然科学基金资助项目(LH2020E025);黑龙江省省属高等学校基本科研业务费科研项目(2019-KYYWF-1370);佳木斯大学博士专项科研基金(JMSUBZ2021-03)。

摘　　要：为了探讨合金元素Cr,C对高硼铁基堆焊合金组织结构的影响,采用气体保护焊堆焊技术,通过调整金属粉芯焊丝中高碳铬铁的添加量,在Q235钢板表面制备不同高碳铬铁含量的Fe-Cr-B-C堆焊合金,采用金相显微镜、扫描电镜、能谱(energy dispersive spectrometer,EDS)及X射线衍射(X-ray diffraction,XRD)等分析测试方法,分析不同合金元素Cr,C含量对堆焊合金组织和性能的影响。结果表明,堆焊合金的组织为马氏体+网状(Fe,Cr)_(3)(B,C)及少量的微量M_(7)C_(3);随着高碳铬铁粉添加量的增加,网状(Fe,Cr)_(3)(B,C)体积分数增加,堆焊合金中的马氏体具有较高的硬度,合金元素Cr能够使基体组织固溶强化,网状碳化物(Fe,Cr)_(3)(B,C)作为耐磨骨架,阻碍磨料在磨损过程中的挤压与切削作用,使堆焊层耐磨性均高于65Mn钢3~4倍,其磨损机理为微犁沟。In order to investigate the effect of alloying elements Cr and C on the microstructure of high boron iron-based surfacing alloys,gas shielded surfacing technology was used to prepare different types of high-carbon ferrochromium on the surface of Q235 steel plate by adjusting the addition amount of high-carbon ferrochromium in the metal powder cored wire.The Fe-Cr-B-C surfacing alloy with high carbon and ferrochromium content was analyzed by metallographic microscope,scanning electron microscope(SEM),energy dispersive spectrometer(EDS),X-ray diffraction(XRD),and other analysis and testing methods to analyze the effects of different alloying elements Cr and C content on the microstructure and properties of the surfacing alloy.The results show that the microstructure of the surfacing alloy is martensite+network(Fe,Cr)_(3)(B,C),and a small amount of M_(7)C_(3).The volume fraction of(Fe,Cr)_(3)(B,C)increases,the martensite in the surfacing alloy has higher hardness,the alloy element Cr can make the matrix structure solid solution strengthening,and the network carbide(Fe,Cr)_(3)(B,C)As a wear-resistant skeleton,it hinders the extrusion and cutting of abrasives in the process of wear,so that the wear resistance of the surfacing layer is 3-4 times higher than that of 65Mn steel,and the wear mechanism is micro-furrowing.

关 键 词：Fe-Cr-B-C合金 金属粉芯焊丝 堆焊 耐磨性 

分 类 号：TG442[金属学及工艺—焊接]