淮河沿岸(安徽段)表层土壤中多环芳烃的分布来源及生态风险评价  

Distribution and Ecological Risk Assessment of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Surface Soils along Huaihe Coast in Anhui Province

作　　者：孙倩倩[1] 笪春年[1] 刘荣琼[2] 王儒威[3] 刘腾 SUN Qian-qian;DA Chun-nian;LIU Rong-qiong;WANG Ru-wei;LIU Teng(Department of Biology&Environment Engineering,Hefei University,Hefei 230022,Aahui,China;College of Environmental Science and Engineering,Anhui Normal University,Wuhu 241003,Aahui,China;CAS Key Laboratory of Crust-Material and Environments,Hefei 230026,Aahui,China)

机构地区：[1]合肥学院生物与环境工程学院,安徽合肥230022 [2]安徽师范大学环境科学与工程学院,安徽芜湖241003 [3]中国科学院壳幔物质与环境重点实验室,安徽合肥230026

出　　处：《贵阳学院学报（自然科学版）》2023年第1期58-62,共5页Journal of Guiyang University：Natural Sciences

基　　金：国家海洋局近岸域生态环境重点实验室资助项目(项目编号:201802);水体污染控制与治理科技重大专(项目编号:2017ZX07603-003);2022年合肥学院横向项目“室内污染物检测及甲醛治理技术研发”;2022年合肥学院横向项目“餐厨垃圾智能型处理技术及环保型废弃油脂产品的研发”。

摘　　要：2021年10月在淮河沿岸采集了19个农田表层土壤样品,利用气相色谱-质谱联用仪测定土壤中多环芳烃(PAHs)的含量,并对其残留、组成、分布和污染来源进行了分析。结果表明,淮河沿岸表层土壤中PAHs的含量范围为92.7-893.2 ng·g^(-1),均值为515.3 ng·g^(-1)。16种美国优控的PAHs,只有苊、蒽、荧蒽和芘未全部检出。PAHs的组成以2-4环为主。其中2环和3环PAHs所占比例为17.8%-53.3%(平均31.7%);4环PAHs的比例为18.6%-40.2%(平均30.1%);5环和6环PAHs的比例为18.3%-58.3%(平均28.6%)。通过浓度比值法判定PAHs主要来源于石油源以及煤和木材的燃烧;另外淮河沿岸周边的生活燃烧和汽车尾气排放也是土壤中PAHs的来源之一。生态效应区间法评价显示淮河沿岸周边土壤中PAHs具有一定的生态风险。The concentration and ecological risk of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs)were investigated in 19 surface soil samples of farmland collected from along Huaihe Coast in Anhui Province in October 2021.The samples were extracted using a Soxhlet extractor and determined by GC-MS.Results indicated that the total concentration of 16 US-EPA priority PAHs(Σ16 PAH)ranged from 92.7 to 893.2 ng·g^(-1),with a mean value of 515.3 ng·g^(-1).All individual PAHs were detected from all the soil samples except acenaphthene,anthracene,fluoranthene and pyrene.The PAHs in surface soils were dominated by 2-3 and 4-ring PAHs,which accounting for 31.7%and 30.1%,respectively,while the 5-6 ring PAHs accounted for 28.6%.PAHs in soil were mainly derived from the traffic exhaust emission and the wood and coal combustion,as determined by the specific ratio method.The non-industrial combustion and automobile exhaust emissions may be two important sources of PAHs in the surface soils along Huaihe Coast in Anhui Province.The ecological risk assessment showed that low ecological risk exists in the surface soils.

关 键 词：多环芳烃(PAHs) 淮河 来源判别 生态风险 

分 类 号：X53[环境科学与工程—环境工程]