COVID-19相关中枢神经系统损伤的发病机制及影像学表现  

Pathogenesis and imaging manifestations of central neurological system injury associated with COVID-19

作　　者：李芳菲 冀晓东[1] 沈文[1] 夏爽(审校)[1] LI Fangfei;JI Xiaodong;SHEN Wen;XIA Shuang(Department of Radiology,Tianjin First Central Hospital,Tianjin Institute of Imaging Medicine,Tianjin 300192,China)

机构地区：[1]天津市第一中心医院放射科,天津市影像医学研究所,天津300192

出　　处：《国际医学放射学杂志》2023年第2期173-176,201,共5页International Journal of Medical Radiology

基　　金：天津市医学重点学科(专科)建设项目(TJYXZDXK-041A)。

摘　　要：新型冠状病毒感染(COVID-19)通常以呼吸道症状为主要临床表现,但部分病人在感染及康复后可伴有神经系统症状,主要分为脑实质和脑血管损伤,常见如嗅觉通路改变、脑炎、脑膜炎、缺血缺氧性脑病(HIE)、缺血性卒中、出血性病变、脑静脉血栓及微出血等。就COVID-19相关脑实质和脑血管损伤可能的病理生理学机制及典型的影像学表现进行综述。Respiratory symptoms are usually the main clinical manifestations of coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19),but some patients may be accompanied by neurological system symptoms during infection and recovery.The damages mainly involve cerebral parenchyma and cerebrovascular system,such as changes in olfactory pathway,encephalitis,meningitis,hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy(HIE),ischemic stroke,a variety of hemorrhagic diseases,cerebral venous thrombosis,microbleeds,and so on.This article reviews the possible pathophysiological mechanism and typical imaging manifestations of cerebral parenchymal and cerebrovascular injury related to COVID-19.

关 键 词：新型冠状病毒感染 中枢神经系统 损伤 病理生理学机制 体层摄影术 X线计算机 磁共振成像 

分 类 号：R814.42[医药卫生—影像医学与核医学] R816.1[医药卫生—放射医学] R445.2[医药卫生—临床医学]