我国梅花风景资源发展的四大关系——历史状况、现实问题与努力方向  

Four Major Relationships in the Development of Plum Landscape Resources in China:Historical Situation,Realistic Problems and Direction of Efforts

作　　者：程杰[1] CHENG Jie

机构地区：[1]南京师范大学文学院

出　　处：《阅江学刊》2023年第2期28-46,171,172,共21页Yuejiang Academic Journal

摘　　要：梅花风景资源发展中有着梅与蜡梅、果梅与花梅、白梅与红梅、野梅与家梅四大核心关系。在传统梅文化的辉煌历史中,蔷薇科梅长足发展,尽展风采,而蜡梅开发历史较短,资源价值未及充分认识,有待深入开发利用。蔷薇科梅花、果兼利,我国梅文化的历史是从梅子的经济应用开始的,梅子的家常日用种植是传统梅花风景最普遍的资源,青梅规模产业种植形成的盛大林景是极为重要的观赏资源。应传承和发扬梅子食用传统,振兴青梅产业,壮大经济林景资源。白梅与红梅是梅花两种主要花色品系,白色江梅是传统梅文化历史的主体,也是梅花生物特征和品格神韵的典型代表。红梅气貌如桃杏,文化地位比较低下,当代梅花欣赏和梅景建设中因流俗所好而喧宾夺主,给梅花的传统文化形象带来一定冲击。应坚持和遵守梅花朴素清雅、淡泊幽逸的形象特质与神韵品格,切实维护和促进白梅风景资源的发展。古往今来,“二梅”野生资源逐步减少,于今尤甚。要大力加强重要野生分布地和“二梅”种质资源的保护,依法严格禁止和严厉打击非法盗挖、买卖古梅的行为。要保证梅品种的开发、创新有利于“二梅”本质特性、自然形象和文化意义的维护与发扬。There are four core relationships between plum and wax plum,fruit plum and flower plum,white plum and red plum,and wild plum and home plum in the development of plum landscape resources.In the glorious history of the traditional plum culture,the rose family plum has been developed in a long time,showing its elegance,while the wax plum has a short history of development,and the value of the resources is not fully recognized,pending in-depth development and utilization.Rosaceae plum has flowers and fruits.The history of plum culture in China began with the economic application of plum.Plum home planting is the most common resource of the traditional plum landscape.Green plum scale industry planting and the formation of grand forest scenery are extremely important ornamental resources.The tradition of plum consumption should be inherited and carried forward,the green plum industry should be revitalized,and the economic forest landscape resources should be grown.White plum and red plum are the two main flower color strains of plum.White plum is the main body of traditional plum culture history,and the representative of plum biological characteristics and character divinity.Red plum looks like peach and apricot,and cultural status is relatively low.Contemporary plum flower appreciation and plum landscape construction brought a certain impact on the traditional cultural image of plum flower.We should adhere to and abide by the simple,aloof and elegant image of the plum character and charm character,and effectively promote the development of white plum landscape resources.The“two kinds of plums”wild resources have gradually decreased.We should vigorously strengthen the protection of important wild distribution sites and“two kinds of plums”resources,and strictly prohibit and crack down on illegal poaching and trading of ancient plums according to the law.We need to ensure that the development and innovation of plum varieties are conducive to the maintenance and promotion of the essential characteristics,natural i

关 键 词：梅 蜡梅 果梅 江梅 红梅 野梅 栽培梅 风景 

分 类 号：I206.2[文学—中国文学] K207[历史地理—历史学] S685.17[历史地理—中国史]