弹簧机构断路器拒动原因分析与对策  

Fault Analysis and Solution on the Operation⁃refusal Failure of Spring Operating Mechanism Circuit Breaker

作　　者：汪鹏 张丕沛 王江伟 李杰[1,2] 赵中华 WANG Peng;ZHANG Pipei;WANG Jiangwei;LI Jie;ZHAO Zhonghua(Shandong Electric Power Research Institute,Jinan 250003,China;State Grid Shandong Electric Power Research Institute,Jinan 250003,China)

机构地区：[1]山东电力研究院,山东济南250003 [2]国网山东省电力公司电力科学研究院,山东济南250003

出　　处：《山东电力技术》2023年第3期38-43,56,共7页Shandong Electric Power

基　　金：山东电力研究院自主研发项目“高压开关柜凝露过程及仿真模型研究”(ZY-2021-07)。

摘　　要：弹簧机构断路器分合闸采用机械传动结构,通过巡视难以发现机械机构内部卡涩等隐藏缺陷,只能借助机械特性试验进行判断。若断路器长时间处于合闸位置,弹簧机构内部零部件可能由于长时间受分闸弹簧作用力发生卡涩,导致断路器分闸失败,影响电力系统安全稳定。针对此类问题,以一起110 kV弹簧机构断路器拒动故障为例,根据现场一次系统、二次系统检查情况、弹簧机构分闸系统在合闸状态下的应力分布仿真结果和弹簧机构动作原理,分析故障原因为:断路器长时间处于合闸位置,脱扣轴销在主拐臂脱扣轴销安装孔受力点处形成压痕,摩擦力增大导致脱扣轴销无法转动,最终导致断路器分闸失败。最后,从采购、设计、制造工艺和零部件检测范围比例方面提出减少同类型故障措施,为设备可靠运行提供有效指导。The spring mechanism circuit breaker open and close by adopting a mechanical transmission structure.It is difficult to find hidden defects such as jamming inside the mechanical mechanism through inspection,which can only be judged by means of mechanical characteristic tests.If the circuit breaker is in the closed position for a long time,the internal parts of the spring mechanism may be stuck due to the force of the opening spring for a long time,resulting in the operation⁃refusal failure of the circuit breaker and affecting the safety and stability of the power system.Combined with the on⁃site inspection of primary system and secondary system,the simulation results of stress distribution of spring mechanism opening system under closing state and the action principle of spring mechanism,a failure of 110 kV spring mechanism circuit breaker was analyzed.The fault reason was determined as that the circuit breaker was in the closing position for a long time,the tripping shaft pin formed an indentation at the stress point of the tripping shaft pin mounting hole of the main crank arm,and the increase of friction leaded to the failure of the tripping shaft pin to rotate,which eventually leaded to the opening failure of the circuit breaker.From the aspects of procurement,design,manufacturing process and the proportion of parts detection range,measures to reduce the same type of fault were put forward,so as to provide effective guidance for the reliable operation of the equipment.

关 键 词：断路器 拒动 脱扣轴销 主拐臂 

分 类 号：TM561[电气工程—电器]