政府数字治理的隐私监管:加拿大隐私专员制度的经验借鉴  

Citizen Privacy Supervision of Government Digital Governance:lessons from the Privacy Commissioner System of Canada

作　　者：吴进进 钱阳 WU Jinjin;QIAN Yang(School of Government,Shenzhen University,Shenzhen,Guangdong,China,518061)

机构地区：[1]深圳大学政府管理学院,广东深圳518061

出　　处：《贵州大学学报（社会科学版）》2023年第2期45-56,共12页Journal of Guizhou University(Social Sciences)

基　　金：2022年国家社会科学基金重大项目“健康中国战略背景下残疾人社会组织创新发展研究”(22&ZD185)。

摘　　要：在数字经济发展与智慧城市建设的背景下,政府运用数字资源开展经济社会治理愈加广泛。与此同时,数字治理也意味着公众个人信息的部分让渡,对公民数字隐私带来了挑战与风险。为应对政府处理公民数据过程中的潜在不当行为,亟须完善政府数据治理的隐私监管体制。加拿大率先设立了隐私专员机构规范政府的公民信息处理行为,负责受理与调查政府侵犯个人信息的投诉,审计政府机构的隐私保护措施,接受政府机构关于隐私问题的咨询并提供建议。加拿大隐私专员制度对规范联邦政府数字治理,推动隐私立法改革起到了至关重要的作用。结合我国个人隐私保护的立法与制度设计,建议中国政府数字隐私治理在理念上更加重视公民隐私保护,建立以责任为本位的政府管理制度;在职能上,完善政府隐私侵权行为的调查、约谈制度,开展隐私审计工作,就审计结果向政府提供改进建议。同时建立明确的评估标准,为风险评估提供咨询和指导意见,帮助部门识别和化解潜在的隐私风险。In the context of digital economy development and smart city strategy, the governments use digital resources to carry out economic and social governance activities in wider ranges.Meanwhile, the digital government forces the partial transfer of personal information of the public, thus posing risks and challenges for citizens’ digital privacy.In order to deal with potential misconduct in the process of government’s processing of citizens, it is urgent to improve the privacy supervision system of government data governance.Canada took the lead in establishing Office of the Privacy Commissioner to regulate the government’s citizen information processing behavior, be responsible for accepting and investigating complaints concerning the government’s infringement of personal information, audit the privacy protection measures of government agencies, accept the consultation from government agencies on privacy issues and provide suggestions.This privacy commissioner system is vital for the regulation of digital governance of the federal government and promoting the legislative reform of privacy.By analyzing the operating mechanism of Canada, combined with the legislation and system settings of personal privacy protection in China, we suggest that the Chinese government should attach more importance to citizens’ privacy protection in the concept of digital privacy governance by establishing a government management system centering on responsibility.In terms of functions, the government should improve the investigation and interview system for handling privacy infringements, execute privacy audit work, and provide improvement suggestions to the government based on the audit results.Meanwhile, clear evaluation standards should be established to provide consultation and guidance for risk assessment and help departments identify and resolve potential privacy risks.

关 键 词：隐私专员制度 数字治理 个人信息 加拿大 

分 类 号：C935[经济管理—管理学]