论雇佣救助费用和船舶优先权、共同海损之间的关系  

On the Relationship Among Employment Salvage Payment,Maritime Lien and General Average

作　　者：司玉琢[1] 吴煦[1] SI Yuzhuo;WU Xu(Law School,Dalian Maritime University,Dalian 116026,China)

机构地区：[1]大连海事大学法学院,辽宁大连116026

出　　处：《中国海商法研究》2023年第1期3-13,共11页Chinese Journal of Maritime Law

基　　金：2018年度辽宁省社科规划基金一般项目“网络信息化下的智能合同研究”(L18BFX013)。

摘　　要：雇佣救助是指救助双方约定,不论救助是否有效果,被救助方均需按约定的费率或金额支付固定救助费用的行为。雇佣救助费用和公约救助报酬在法律性质、计酬原则和支付条件上存在根本的差别。雇佣救助请求权不宜享有船舶优先权,但可享有一般法下的留置权,在符合共同海损构成要件时,可以列入共损费用进行分摊。Employment salvage refers to the act rendered under a contract to pay a given sum for the services or for per diem or per horam wage,payable at all events,regardless whether the work is successful or not.There are fundamental differences in the legal nature,the principles of remuneration and the conditions of payment between employment salvage payment and salvage remuneration under the Convention.The claim for employment salvage shall not have a maritime lien,but may have a lien under the general law.If it meets the constitutive requirements of general average,it shall be allowed in general average and contributed by the beneficiaries.

关 键 词：雇佣救助 “无效果 无报酬” 船舶优先权 共同海损 

分 类 号：D922.294[政治法律—经济法学]