国内水路货物合同法律制度:当前主要问题之解决  

The Legal Regime Governing the Domestic Carriage of Goods by Waterways:Solution of the Current Typical Legal Issues

作　　者：胡正良[1] 孙悦 HU Zhengliang;SUN Yue(School of Law,Shanghai Maritime University,Shanghai 201306,China;KoGuan School of Law,Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai 200030,China)

机构地区：[1]上海海事大学法学院,上海201306 [2]上海交通大学凯原法学院,上海200030

出　　处：《中国海商法研究》2023年第1期14-24,共11页Chinese Journal of Maritime Law

摘　　要：《民法典》适用于国内水路货物运输合同的条文缺乏足够的具体规定。针对当今国内水路货物运输中存在的三个突出法律问题,提出运用不真正连带责任理论解决承运人和地位为非承运人的船舶所有人的责任问题,从证据法角度认定运单是运输合同和承运人接收货物的证明,以及适用《民法典》的规定解决承运人对不及时提取的货物的处理问题、选择在约定的卸货港之外的港口卸货和在运费等费用未支付时对货物的处分问题。在此基础上提出在《海商法》修改时增设国内水路货物运输合同法律制度从而在根本上完善这一制度此前的应对方式。This paper analyses the unsoundness of the current legal regime governing the domestic carriage of goods by waterways contained in the Civil Code and,in particular,the three typical issues currently existing in practice.It proposes to solve the liability of the carrier and the non-carrier shipowners by use of the theory of non-real several and joint liability.It demonstrates that the waybill being used in such carriage still has the function of the evidence of a contract and of the evidence of receipt of goods by the carrier.It further demonstrates that the relevant provisions of the Civil Code can be used to solve the issues of the carrier's dealing with the goods remaining undelivered,choosing to discharge the goods at a port other than the agreed port of discharge,and disposal of goods when the freight and other expenses are not paid.On the above basis,it points out that establishing the legal regime governing such carriage in the revised Chinese Maritime Code in the future in order to improve the countermeasures of this regime.

关 键 词：国内水路货物运输 法律制度 《海商法》修改 

分 类 号：D922.294[政治法律—经济法学]