水下爆炸载荷下舰船双层底部结构的毁伤特性  

Damage Characteristics of Ship’s Double Bottom Structure Subjected to Underwater Explosion

作　　者：陈岩武 孙远翔[1] 王成[1] CHEN Yanwu;SUN Yuanxiang;WANG Cheng(State Key Laboratory of Explosion Science and Technology,Beijing Institute of Technology,Beijing 100081,China)

机构地区：[1]北京理工大学爆炸科学与技术国家重点实验室,北京100081

出　　处：《兵工学报》2023年第3期670-681,共12页Acta Armamentarii

基　　金：国家自然科学基金专项项目(12141201);爆炸科学与技术国家重点实验室(北京理工大学)自主研究课题探索性项目(YBKT22-05);王宽诚德意志学术交流中心(DAAD)博士后奖学金项目。

摘　　要：为研究舰船双层底部结构在水下爆炸载荷下的毁伤特性,进行电火花气泡与带破口双层结构模型相互作用实验,使用高速摄影机捕捉气泡在带破口双层结构下方的脉动特征,并使用LS-DYNA软件对该实验工况进行模拟,通过实验验证数值模型的有效性。在此基础上建立实尺度舰船双层底舱段有限元模型,通过改变爆距和双层板间水位,设置15个模拟工况,深入分析冲击波和气泡载荷对舰船双层底部结构的毁伤特性。研究结果表明:爆距较小时,外底板出现破口,内外底板之间的内气泡的膨胀作用加剧外底板破口的撕裂,同时使内底板出现塑性变形;爆距较大时,外底板仅发生变形,并与内底板接触,同时带动内底板的变形。双层板间水位较低时,冲击波载荷衰减较大,对内底板毁伤作用较小,此时内气泡的膨胀对内底板的变形起到主要作用;双层板间水位较高时,冲击波载荷衰减较小,冲击波和气泡脉动二次压力波载荷通过水介质共同作用到内底板,使内底板产生变形。To study the damage characteristics of a ship’s double bottom structure subjected to underwater explosion.Experiments on the interaction between the electric spark bubble and the ship’s double bottom structure with a hole are carried out.The pulsation characteristics of the bubble are captured by a high-speed camera,and the experiment is simulated by LS-DYNA to verify the effectiveness of the numerical model.Then,the finite element model of the full-scale cabin is established.By changing the explosion distance and water level between the double bottoms and designing 15 simulation scenarios,the damage characteristics of the double bottom structure subjected to shock wave and bubble loads are analyzed.The results show that:when the explosion distance is small,the outer bottom is broken,and the expansion of the"inner bubble"intensifies the tearing of the outer bottom and causes the plastic deformation of the inner bottom;when the explosion distance is large,the outer bottom only deforms and contacts with the inner bottom,driving the deformation of the inner bottom at the same time;when the water level between the two bottoms is low,the shock wave load attenuation is large with a small damage to the inner bottom,and the expansion of the"inner bubble"plays a major role in the deformation of the inner bottom;when the water level between the two bottoms is high,the shock wave load attenuation is small,the shock wave and bubble pulsation loads propagate through the water medium and act on the inner bottom,whose combined action causes its deformation.

关 键 词：水下爆炸 双层底部结构 气泡载荷 毁伤特性 

分 类 号：O383[理学—流体力学] U674.7[理学—力学]