山西雷暴大风雷达产品统计学特征及预警提前量研究  

Statistical Characteristics and Early Warning Advances of Radar Products for Thunderstorm Gales in Shanxi

作　　者：朱杰 赵桂香[2] 于碧馨 郭媛媛 郝婧宇[2] ZHU Jie;ZHAO Guixiang;YU Bixin;GUO Yuanyuan;HAO Jingyu(Shanxi Meteorological Service Center,Taiyuan 030002,China;Shanxi Meteorological Observatory,Taiyuan 030006,China;Xinjiang Meteorological Observatory,Urumqi 830002,China;Shanxi Climate Center,Taiyuan 030006,China)

机构地区：[1]山西省气象服务中心,山西太原030002 [2]山西省气象台,山西太原030006 [3]新疆气象台,新疆乌鲁木齐830002 [4]山西省气候中心,山西太原030006

出　　处：《沙漠与绿洲气象》2023年第1期131-138,共8页Desert and Oasis Meteorology

基　　金：山西省气象局面上项目(SXKMSTQ20205209);山西省科技厅面上青年基金项目(201901D211572)。

摘　　要：为认识统计山西雷暴大风的雷达产品特征,做好其预报预警,利用2013—2017年4—9月高空探测资料和地面观测资料以及多普勒雷达资料对山西39次雷暴大风过程进行研究。根据500 hPa环流形势将其分为四大类型:西北气流型、冷涡型、西风槽前型、副热带高压(简称“副高”)切变型。统计分析了不同环流背景下雷暴大风的雷达产品特征及其预警提前量。结果表明:(1)块状孤立对流单体是任一环流背景下山西雷暴大风的主要雷达回波形态。(2)副高切变型雷暴大风的最大回波强度、回波顶高、最大垂直积分液态水含量值最高,冷涡型最低。(3)低层径向速度大值区对雷暴大风的指示意义最明显,预警提前量最多,可提前30 min以上。(4)雷暴大风发生时,有阵风锋和逆风区出现,但出现次数极少。研究结果对利用雷达产品预警山西雷暴大风提供参考依据。The 39 thunderstorm gales in Shanxi were studied by using the high-altitude detection data,the ground observation data and Doppler radar data from April to September 2013-2017,to understand the characteristics of radar products for thunderstorm gales in Shanxi and do a good job in its early warning.According to the 500 hPa circulation situation,they were divided into four types:northwest air flow type,cold vortex type,westly wind trough front type and sub high shear type.The radar characteristics and early warning advances of thunderstorm gales under different circulation backgrounds were statistically analyzed.The results show that:(1)Block isolated convective cell is the main radar echo form of thunderstorm gales in Shanxi under any circulation background.(2)The maximum echo intensity,echo top height and maximum vertical integrated liquid water content of the sub high shear thunderstorm are the highest,and the cold vortex type is the lowest.(3)The high value area of low-level radial velocity has the most obvious indication of thunderstorm gales,and the early warning can be advanced by 30 min or more.(4)When thunderstorm gales occur,gust front and adverse wind area appear,but the occurrence times are very few.The research results provide a reference for using radar products to warn thunderstorm gale in Shanxi.

关 键 词：雷暴大风 雷达产品特征 预警提前量 

分 类 号：P412.25[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]