铜再生烟灰中多组分硫酸熟化物相可控转化  

Controlled transformation of multiple components phase in sulfuric acid curing process of secondary copper smelting dust

作　　者：孙辅泽 聂华平[1] 谭本洪 刘恢 王瑞祥[1,2] 刘志楼 严康 徐志峰[2,3] SUN Fuze;NIE Huaping;TAN Benhong;LIU Hui;WANG Ruixiang;LIU Zhilou;YAN Kang;XU Zhifeng(Faculty of Materials Metallurgy and Chemistry,Jiangxi University of Science and Technology,Ganzhou 341000,China;Ganzhou Engineering Technology Research Center of Green Metallurgy and Process Intensification,Ganzhou 341000,China;Jiangxi College of Applied Technology,Ganzhou 341000,China)

机构地区：[1]江西理工大学材料冶金化学学部,江西赣州341000 [2]赣州市绿色冶金与工艺强化过程技术研究中心,江西赣州341000 [3]江西应用技术职业学院,江西赣州341000

出　　处：《中南大学学报（自然科学版）》2023年第2期506-517,共12页Journal of Central South University:Science and Technology

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2019YFC1908400,2018YFC190008);国家自然科学基金资助项目(52174334);江西省主要学科学术技术带头人培养计划项目(20212BCJ23007,20212BCJL23052);江西理工大学清江优秀青年人才资助计划项目(2019003)。

摘　　要：提出硫酸熟化-水浸处置铜再生烟灰新技术,通过硫酸熟化将烟灰中铜、铅、锌、锡等金属化合物转化成对应的硫酸盐,同时使得氟、氯元素以HF和HCl的形式挥发脱除,然后采用水浸的方法实现铜锌和铅锡的分离。借助HSC Chemistry 6.0热力学软件分析熟化过程中物相转化的可行性,研究不同熟化工艺条件下物相的转化效率,并通过XRD和SEM-EDS等表征确定物相转化规律。研究结果表明:硫酸加入量和熟化温度是影响转化效率的主要因素,适当提高硫酸加入量和熟化温度可提高物相的转化效率。最佳的工艺条件如下:硫酸加入量为理论质量的1.8倍,熟化温度为250℃,熟化时间为60 min,空气气氛,在此条件下,氟和氯的脱除率分别为76.54%和99.07%,锌和铜的浸出率为99.02%和97.14%,而锡和铅保留在渣相中,从而实现铜再生烟灰中多组分的高效分离。The sulfuric acid curing-water leaching disposal new technology of secondary copper smelting dust was proposed. Curing was used to convert the valuable metals such as copper, lead, zinc and tin into corresponding sulfates, fluorine and chlorine were converted to HF and HCl volatilization removal. And then the separation of copper zinc, lead and tin were achieved by water leaching. The feasibility of phase transformation in curing process was analyzed through HSC Chemistry 6.0 thermodynamic software, and the phase transformation efficiency under different process conditions was studied, and the phase transformation law was determined by XRD and SEM-EDS. The results show that the dosage of sulfuric acid and curing temperature are the main factors affecting the transformation efficiency. Properly increasing dosage and temperature can improve the transformation efficiency. The optimum curing conditions are as follows: the dosage of sulfuric acid is 1.8 times,curing temperature is 250 ℃, curing time is 60 min, and the atmosphere is air. Under the conditions, the removal efficiencies of F and Cl are 76.54% and 99.07%, respectively. The leaching efficiency of Zn and Cu are 99.02%and 97.14%, respectively, while Sn and Pb remain in the slag. Thus, the multiple components in secondary copper smelting dust are separated efficiently.

关 键 词：铜再生烟灰 硫酸熟化 物相转化 氟氯脱除 

分 类 号：X756[环境科学与工程—环境工程]