两部制电价政策执行方式对市场资源配置效率的影响  

Impact Analysis of Two-Part Tariff Policy Executive Mode on Market Resource Allocation Efficiency

作　　者：姚军[1,2] 吴永飞 王亚莉[1] 何姣[3] 戴双凤 YAO Jun;WU Yongfei;WANG Yali;HE Jiao;DAI Shuangfeng(School of Economics&Management,Changsha University of Science&Technology,Changsha 410004,China;State Grid Corporation of China,Beijing 100031,China;School of Economics&Management,Hunan Institute of Science and Technology,Yueyang 414006,China)

机构地区：[1]长沙理工大学经济与管理学院,湖南长沙410004 [2]国家电网有限公司,北京100031 [3]湖南理工学院经济与管理学院,湖南岳阳414006

出　　处：《中国电力》2023年第3期154-161,共8页Electric Power

基　　金：国家社会科学基金资助项目(22CJY064);湖南省社会科学基金资助项目(20YBQ004);湖南省教育厅科学研究项目(19B024)。

摘　　要：近年来,中国通过增加用户选择权等方式,调整完善两部制电价政策执行方式。运用社会福利模型分析了2016年国家调整两部制电价执行方式对市场资源配置效率的影响,发现放宽两部制电价计费方式变更周期,尽管降低了停产、半停产企业的基本电价负担,但高效生产企业并未因此获利,整体上不利于促进企业优胜劣汰,减少了整个社会长期效用。双重差分法的实证结果表明,两部制电价政策变化导致了社会总福利下降,体现为负荷率下降了7%;同时,降低了用户间的公平性,体现为容量利用率下降了30.6%。研究认为,简单调整电价政策执行方式,并不利于电力资源优化配置,应对所有企业同时采用公平电价政策。In recent years,China has perfected the executive mode of two-part electricity price policy by increasing users’options.This paper uses the social welfare model to analyze the impact of the implementation of the national adjustment two-part electricity price system on the efficiency of market resource allocation in the year of 2016.Results show that the relaxation of the change cycle of the two-part pricing system can reduce the basic electricity price burden of enterprises,who have stopped production or half stopped production.However,it is not beneficial to the efficient production enterprises,which is not conducive to promoting the survival of the fittest in enterprises as a whole,and reduces the long-term utility of the whole society.The empirical results also show that The change of the two-part electricity price policy led to the decline of the total social welfare,which was reflected in the drop of the load rate by 7%.Meanwhile,it also reduces the fairness among users,which is reflected in the capacity utilization rate dropping by 30.6%.We believe that simply adjusting the executive mode of the electricity price policy is not conducive to the optimal allocation of power resources,and all enterprises should adopt the fair electricity price policy at the same time.

关 键 词：两部制电价 执行方式 资源配置效率 社会福利 用户公平 

分 类 号：F426.61[经济管理—产业经济]