失能贫困老年人照护状况分析  

Disability prevalence and long-term care of the disabled among poor elderly in China:a cross-sectional analysis

作　　者：李成福[1] 王一然[2] 刘云铎 冷志伟 范韫仪 郑晓瑛[2] LI Cheng-fu;WANG Yi-ran;LIU Yun-duo(China Population and Development Research Center,Beijing 100081,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]中国人口与发展研究中心,北京100081 [2]北京大学APEC健康科学研究院/北京大学人口所 [3]中国医学科学院北京协和医学院群医学和公共卫生学院

出　　处：《中国公共卫生》2023年第3期375-378,共4页Chinese Journal of Public Health

摘　　要：目的分析失能贫困老年人的基本情况和照护状况。方法使用全国健康扶贫动态管理系统,在中国25个省(自治区、直辖市)对建档立卡≥60岁贫困老年人进行核查,截至2020年12月31日,共核查1149.55万≥60岁贫困老年人,对贫困老年人的失能和照护状况进行分析。结果全国健康扶贫动态管理系统数据显示,中国贫困老年人失能率为6.50%,男性失能率为5.97%,女性为7.03%;60~69岁、70~79岁、80~89岁、90~99岁、≥100岁贫困老年人失能率分别为4.08%、6.20%、11.78%、21.88%、30.57%;失能贫困老年人独居比例为18.70%,70.90%的失能贫困老年人选择居家照护。结论贫困老年人失能率随着年龄增高不断升高;我国失能贫困老年人独居比例较高,长期照护负担较重;失能贫困老年人选择居家照护为主,居家社区照护服务能力有待提升,应增强失能老年人长期照护服务。Objective To examine the prevalence of disability and the situation of long-term care of the disabled among poor elderly in China.Methods The information up to December 31,2020 on 11.4955 million poor residents aged 60 years and over in 25 provincial-level administrative divisions across China were extracted from the National Health Poverty Alleviation Dynamic Management System.The Self-Care Ability Scale for the Elderly in the National Basic Public Health Service Specification-3rd Edition was adopted to assess disability of the poor elderly.The prevalence of disability and longterm care of the disabled among the poor elderly were analyzed.Results Of all poor elderly(50.17%males aged 72.72 years averagely and 49.83%females with a mean age of 73.66 years),6.50%were assessed as having different degrees of disability;the proportion of disability was 5.97%in the males and 7.03%in the females.Among the poor elderly,the proportion of disability increased with the age;the proportion was 4.08%,6.20%,11.78%,21.88%,and 30.57%for the poor elderly aged 60-69,70-79,80-89,90-99,and≥100 years,respectively.Among the poor disabled elderly,18.70%were living alone and 70.90%were under home-based care.Conclusion Among the poor elderly in China,the disability prevalence increased with age;for the disabled poor elderly,the proportion of living alone was high and the majority had home-based care,indicating that the burden of long-term care of the disabled poor elderly was heavy and home-based care of the elderly needs to be improved.

关 键 词：健康扶贫 贫困老年人 长期照护 

分 类 号：R197.1[医药卫生—卫生事业管理]