美国农业政策转型经验对我国粮食产业发展的启示  

Agricultural Policy Transition Experience of America and Its Implication for Chinese Grain Industry Development

作　　者：李慧强 LI Huiqiang(China Grain Research and Training Center,Beijing 100834,China)

机构地区：[1]中国粮食研究培训中心,北京100834

出　　处：《农业研究与应用》2022年第6期65-70,共6页Agricultural Research and Application

基　　金：国家储备战略性课题“粮食综合生产重要制度政策研究”(LSWZ20220021)。

摘　　要：美国农业政策经历了从差额补贴为主的政府直接干预阶段到以强化农业保险为主的市场化阶段的转型,其中美国在促进粮食生产、减轻政府财政负担以及提高国际竞争力等方面的经验做法对中国粮食产业发展具有借鉴意义。中国农业政策的实施要以法律法规为前提,保障市场主体合规运行,农业补贴要以保障农民收入为重点,确保粮食数量安全,通过加大粮食生产者和商业性保险公司进补贴等方式,减轻财政负担,不断探索可持续的新型支持政策,提高粮食产业国际竞争力。American agricultural policy had been transited from direct government intervention based on deficiency payment to marketization based on strengthening agricultural insurance during which experience and practices of America regarding promoting grain production,reducing government finance and improving international competitiveness are of reference significance to Chinese grain industry development.Implementation of China’s agricultural policy should be based on laws and regulations to ensure the compliance of market entities;agricultural subsidies should ensure farmers’income and food security.Through financial burden relief by increasing subsidies for grain producers and commercial insurance companies,new and sus tainable supportive policy exploration, to enhance international competitiveness of the grain industry.

关 键 词：美国农业政策 农业补贴 市场化 农业保险 

分 类 号：F310[经济管理—产业经济]