“NP X在V中”句的语体语法研究  

A register-grammar analysis of “NP X zai V zhong” sentences

作　　者：陆志军[1] 汪昌松[2] LU Zhijun;WANG Changsong

机构地区：[1]广东工业大学外国语学院,510006 [2]北京理工大学外国语学院/工信部语言工程与认知计算重点实验室,102488

出　　处：《语言教学与研究》2023年第2期80-91,共12页Language Teaching and Linguistic Studies

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目“生成语法的汉语研究与新时代汉语语法理论创新”(18ZDA291)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：本文在语体语法理论框架下探讨现代汉语的“NP X在V中”句。该句式的主语NP至少是双音节,多为受事或历事。进行体标记“在”和“还、正、仍”等单音节副词X合单为双。动词V也多由双音节动词构成,与其搭配的副词也至少为双音节。本文提出,“中”是带有[+正式]语体特征的事态体标记,将进行体标记“在”所指涉的进行事件转化为方然事态。“中”要求其成分统制域内的句法成分与之进行[+正式]特征匹配,并要求这些成分的韵律形态做相应调整,最终实现该句式的正式语体功能。本文分析可以合理解释“NP X在V中”句中的相关语法限制。This paper discusses “NP X zai(在) V zhong(中)” sentences in Modern Chinese based on register grammar.NP subjects are at least disyllables and are mostly patients or experiencers.Progressive aspect marker zai “combines single to be double” with monosyllables X,such as hai(还),zheng(正),reng(仍).Verbs are also disyllables,and their co-occurring adverbs are also at least disyllables.Zhong is a state-of-affairs aspect marker with [+formal] register feature,and transfers into an ongoing eventuality the progressive event that the progressive aspect marker zai denotes.This [+formal] register feature demands that the syntactic constituents zhong C-commands match V's [+formal] register feature and adjust the prosodic morphology of the matched constituents so as to realize the written register function of sentences.This written formal register perspective can reasonably explain the grammatical restrictions in “NP X zai V zhong” sentences.

关 键 词：“NP X在V中”句 语体语法 成分组构 语体功能 特征匹配 

分 类 号：H146.3[语言文字—汉语]