祁连山水汽、云液态水变化特征分析  

Analysis of variation characteristics of water vapor and cloud liquid water in the Qilian Mountains

作　　者：寇梦刚 张文煜 毛文茜 孔令彬 程楠[1] KOU Meng-gang;ZHANG Wen-yu;MAO Wen-qian;KONG Ling-bin;CHENG Nan(School of Computer and Artificial Intelligence,School of Geoscience and Technology,Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou450001,China;Key Open Laboratory of Cloud Physical Environment,China Meterological Administration,Beijing 100081,China;College of Resources and Environmental Sciences,Gansu Agricultural University,Lanzhou 730070,China)

机构地区：[1]郑州大学计算机与人工智能学院,地球科学与技术学院,郑州450001 [2]中国气象局云雾物理环境重点开放实验室,北京100081 [3]甘肃农业大学资源与环境学院,兰州730070

出　　处：《兰州大学学报（自然科学版）》2023年第1期29-35,共7页Journal of Lanzhou University(Natural Sciences)

基　　金：第二次青藏高原综合科学考察研究项目(2019QZKK0104);中国气象局西北区域人工影响天气能力建设项目(ZQCR18208)。

摘　　要：利用2020年6-9月祁连山南坡和北坡微波辐射计、地面自动气象站、毫米波云雷达以及ERA5再分析资料,分析祁连山区南、北坡降水天气中水汽、云液态水含量的变化特征,探讨南、北坡降水前的水汽、云液态水含量的特征差异.结果表明,微波辐射计在祁连山反演得到的水汽含量和云液态水含量可以比较准确地反映降水过程的变化特征.祁连山水汽、云液态水含量均存在两个拐点,其南坡和北坡的两个拐点基本相同,分别为降水前4 h和降水前1 h,前者拐点水汽、云液态水含量小时斜率较大,后者在拐点后会出现跃增现象;南坡的水汽、云液态水含量值分别大于15.0、0.3 mm,小时斜率分别大于0.81、0.025,北坡的水汽、云液态水含量值分别大于10.0、0.2 mm,小时斜率分别大于0.26、0.055.这些现象可预测云系正处于降水的产生阶段以及人工增雨作业条件期间.南坡的水汽含量大于北坡,降水前云液态水含量的跃增幅度小于北坡,水汽、云液态水含量的阈值分别比北坡大5.0、0.1 mm.南坡的降水出现时刻比北坡提前约50 min,且降水持续时间比北坡短,降水总量比北坡少,初步推测是由于地形云在南坡形成,在地形、山区风场及天气系统等条件作用下,翻越山脊到达北坡所致.Based on the microwave radiometer,ground automatic weather station,millimeter-wave cloud radar and ERA5 reanalysis data from June to September in 2020,the variation characteristics of water vapor and liquid water content during precipitation on the southern and northern slopes of the Qilian Mountains were analyzed,and the differences in the characteristics of water vapor and liquid water content before precipitation on the southern and northern slopes were discussed.The results showed that the water vapor content and liquid water content obtained by microwave radiometer inversion in the Qilian Mountains could accurately reflect the variation characteristics of the precipitation process.The inflection points of water vapor and liquid water content in there had two opportunities,and they were basically the same on the southern and the northern slope,respectively 4 and 1 h before precipitation.The slope of water vapor and liquid water content in the former inflection point was larger than that of the latter,and there was a jump phenomenon after the inflection point.When the content value of the southern slope was above 15.0 and 0.3 mm,the hourly slope was above 0.81 and 0.025,respectively.When the content value of the northern slope was above 10.0 and 0.2 mm,the hourly slope was above0.26 and 0.055,respectively.These phenomena could help determine that the cloud system was in the stage of precipitation generation and could be utilized for the identification of artificial precipitation operation conditions.The water vapor content of the southern slope was larger than that of the northern slope,and the jump of the liquid water content before precipitation was smaller than that of the northern slope.The thresholds of water vapor and liquid water content were 5.0 and 0.1 mm larger than those of the northern slope,respectively.The time of precipitation was about 50 min earlier,the duration of precipitation shorter,and the total precipitation was less than that of the northern slope.It was speculated that the topographic

关 键 词：祁连山 水汽含量 云液态水含量 特征分析 微波辐射计 

分 类 号：P426.61[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]