3~17岁未成年人家长对子女新冠疫苗接种意愿及影响因素的调查  

Survey on the willingness of parents of minors aged 3-17 to vaccinate COVID-19 and its influencing factors

作　　者：吕雪灵[1] 徐筱倩[1] 孙良[2] 丁振涛[2] 李欣[1] Lü Xueling;XU Xiaoqian;SUN Liang;DING Zhentao;LI Xin(Fuyang People's Hospital,Fuyang,Anhui 236000,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]阜阳市人民医院,安徽阜阳236000 [2]阜阳市疾病预防控制中心

出　　处：《中国国境卫生检疫杂志》2023年第1期67-73,共7页Chinese Journal of Frontier Health and Quarantine

基　　金：阜阳市科技局新冠肺炎疫情防控应急攻关项目(FK20201005)。

摘　　要：目的 了解未成年人家长接种新冠疫苗的意愿并分析其影响因素,为推进3~17岁未成年人新冠疫苗接种提供理论参考。方法 采用多阶段分层整群随机抽样方法调查阜阳市3~17岁未成年人家长,采用线上调查,单因素分析比较不同特征家长对新冠疫苗接种意愿的差异,多因素Logistic回归模型分析新冠疫苗接种意愿的影响因素。结果不同教育阶段家长在“国内新冠疫情会持续蔓延吗”“孩子感染新冠病毒的风险高吗”等新冠疫情认知情况上存在差异;在“国产新冠疫苗安全吗”“本人是否已经接种新冠疫苗”新冠疫苗认知态度上存在差异。88.14%的家长愿意为孩子接种新冠疫苗。单因素分析显示,孩子身体健康状况、家长教育程度、家庭每月人均可支配收入、学生所处教育阶段在疫苗接种意愿上,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);多因素Logistic回归分析显示,未成年人健康状况良好、学生所处教育阶段越高,家长对新冠疫苗接种意愿越高。家庭每月人均可支配收入越高,家长新冠疫苗接受率越低。(OR值分别为0.572,0.909,1.650,P<0.05)。结论 孩子健康状况差、学生所处教育阶段低、家庭每月人均可支配收入高是家长接种意愿不高的影响因素,应加大政府权威部门,社交媒体推送、社区宣传、电视等公众易于接受的手段加大宣传力度,提高疫苗的认知度和认可度,进而提高新冠疫苗接种率。Objective To understand the willingness of parents of minors to be vaccinated against COVID-19, and to analyze its influencing factors,so as to provide theoretical reference for promoting COVID-19 vaccination for minors aged 3-17 years old. Methods The parents of minors aged 3-17 years old in Fuyang city were investigated by multi-stage stratified cluster random sampling,and the online survey was used and the differences of COVID-19vaccination willingness of parents with different characteristics were compared by univariate analysis. The influencing factors of COVID-19 vaccination willingness were analyzed by multifactor Logistic regression model. Results There were differences in the cognition of COVID-19 epidemic among parents of different education stage,such as "will the epidemic of COVID-19 continue to spread in China" and "is it high for their children to be infected with novel coronavirus".There were differences in the cognitive attitude of "is the domestic COVID-19 vaccine safe" and "whether I have been vaccinated against COVID-19". 88.14% of the parents were willing to vaccinate their children against COVID-19. Univariate analysis showed that there were significant differences in children ’s health status,parents’ education level,family’s per capita disposable income per month and students’ education stage(P<0.05).Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that the better the children ’s health status and the higher the students’ education stage was,the higher the parents’ willingness to vaccinate COVID-19 was. The higher the monthly per capita disposable income of the family was,the lower the acceptance rate of COVID-19 vaccine among parents was.(OR values were 0.572,0.909,1.650,respectively,P <0.05). Conclusion The poor health status of children,the low education stage of students and the high per capita disposable income of families per month are the influencing factors of parents’ low willingness to vaccination. The authoritative departments,social media promotion,community publ

关 键 词：未成年人 新冠病毒 疫苗 接种意愿 

分 类 号：R186[医药卫生—流行病学] R193[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]