荒漠草原生态系统景观格局变化及其对气候的响应  

Ecosystem landscape pattern change and its response to climate in desert steppe of Inner Mongolia

作　　者：朱小华[1,2] 杨倩 丁子筱[1,2,3] 李传荣 唐伶俐 陈宾宾[1,2] ZHU Xiaohua;YANG Qian;DING Zixiao;LI Chuanrong;TANG Lingli;CHEN Binbin(Key Labo-ratory of Quantitative Remote Sensing Information Technology,Chinese Academic of Sciences,Beijing 100094,China;Aerospace Information Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100094,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,School of Electronic,Electrical and Communication Engineering,Beijing 100049,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院定量遥感信息技术重点实验室,北京100094 [2]中国科学院空天信息创新研究院,北京100094 [3]中国科学院大学电子电气与通信工程学院,北京100049

出　　处：《生态学杂志》2023年第3期748-758,共11页Chinese Journal of Ecology

基　　金：中国科学院战略性先导科技专项(A类)(XDA26010203-4);内蒙古自治区科技重大专项(2021ZD0044);中科院空天院“未来之星”人才计划资助。

摘　　要：荒漠草原是荒漠与草原间的过渡带,生态系统非常脆弱,一旦被破坏,难以恢复。四子王旗荒漠草原作为内蒙古温带草原中最干旱的一个类型,其生态系统景观格局演变不仅关系到自身草原生态系统多样性,而且对邻近草原的生态功能恢复具有重要意义。本研究利用卫星遥感技术结合景观生态学理论和InVEST模型,评估了2003—2017年四子王旗生态系统景观格局和生境质量演变,并进一步选取草地生产力NPP作为关键生态系统参数,分析了四子王旗草原生态系统对气候因子的响应。结果表明:2003—2017年,四子王旗生态系统景观格局破碎化程度提升,优势斑块景观连接性进一步减弱,总体生境质量下降了约2%,表现出明显的区域差异;四子王旗NPP总体趋势是逐年降低,并呈现北少南多的空间分布特征;相较于气温,四子王旗草地NPP与累积降水的相关性更大,并且存在明显的滞后效应,滞后时间2.96个月。Desert steppe is an ecotone between desert and steppe.Desert steppe is very fragile.Furthermore,it is difficult to restore once destroyed.Desert steppe in Siziwang Banner is one of the most arid types in the temperate steppe of Inner Mongolia.The evolution of landscape pattern in desert steppe is not only related to the diversity of grassland ecosystem,but also has important significance for the restoration of ecological functions of neighboring ecosystems.In this study,we assessed the change of landscape pattern and habitat quality in Siziwang Banner desert steppe based on remote sensing technology,landscape ecology theory,and InVEST model.We analyzed its responses to climate factors based on the key parameter NPP to enhance our understanding of desert steppe.From 2003 to 2017,the fragmentation degree of ecosystem landscape pattern in Siziwang Banner was increased,the connectivity of dominant patch landscape was further weakened,and the overall habitat quality was decreased by about 2%,showing obvious regional differences.The NPP of Siziwang Banner decreased year by year,with a spatial distribution pattern of decreasing in the north and increasing in the south.NPP in Siziwang Banner grassland was more correlated with cumulative precipitation than with air temperature.There was an obvious legacy effect,with a lag time of 2.96 months.

关 键 词：荒漠草原 景观格局 生境质量 草地生产力 滞后效应 

分 类 号：S812[农业科学—草业科学]