新疆1353名汞作业工人健康状况及影响因素分析  

Analysis on health status and influencing factors of 1353 mercury workers in Xinjiang

作　　者：夏伟 赵诗雨 杨成新 何平 Xia Wei;Zhao Shiyu;Yang Chengxin;He Ping(Medical College,Shihezi University,Shihezi 832061,China;Office of Occupational Health Quality Control,The Third People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region,Urumqi 830091,China)

机构地区：[1]石河子大学医学院,石河子832061 [2]新疆维吾尔自治区第三人民医院职业卫生质量管理办公室,乌鲁木齐830091

出　　处：《中华劳动卫生职业病杂志》2023年第2期118-123,共6页Chinese Journal of Industrial Hygiene and Occupational Diseases

基　　金：新疆维吾尔自治区自然科学基金面上项目(2021D01A166)。

摘　　要：目的调查职业性汞接触作业工人健康状况,为制定合理的健康监护和有针对性的防护措施提供理论依据。方法于2021年11月,收集2018至2021年在新疆维吾尔自治区某医院进行职业健康检查的1353名汞作业工人作为研究对象,通过分析其在不同性别、年龄、工龄、行业和企业规模中血压、心电图、血常规、肝功能、尿β2-微球蛋白和尿汞情况,评估其健康状况和尿汞的影响因素。结果1353名汞接触作业工人中男性1002人(74.1%),平均年龄为(37.2±9.8)岁,接触汞作业工龄为3.1(2.0,8.0)年。汞作业工人体检结论、血压、心电图、血常规、肝功能、尿β2-微球蛋白、尿汞异常率分别为73.9%(1000/1353)、12.3%(166/1353)、30.2%(408/1353)、59.9%(810/1353)、32.5%(440/1353)、15.2%(205/1353)、2.2%(30/1353)。男性工人的血压、血常规、肝功能、尿β2-微球蛋白和尿汞异常率均高于女性工人(P<0.05)。工人的血压和体检结论异常率随着年龄、工龄的增加而增加,心电图异常率结果则相反(P<0.05)。不同企业规模、不同行业工人的血压、血常规、尿β2-微球蛋白和体检结论异常率差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。多因素logistic回归分析显示,年龄≥30岁、微小型企业、体检结论和尿β2-微球蛋白异常的工人是尿汞异常的易感人群(P<0.05)。结论新疆维吾尔自治区汞作业工人职业健康状况不容乐观,应完善微小型企业、年龄偏大工人的健康监护,切实保护劳动者身心健康。Objective To investigate the health status of workers exposed to occupational mercury,and to provide the theoretical basis for formulating reasonable health monitoring and targeted protection measures.Methods In November 2021,1353 mercury-exposed workers who underwent occupational health examination in a hospital in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region from 2018 to 2021 were collected as research subjects.By analyzing their blood pressure,electrocardiogram,blood routine,liver function and urineβ2-microglobulin and urinary mercury in different gender,age,length of service,industry and enterprise scale,and the health status.And the influencing factors of urinary mercury were evaluated.Results Among 1353 workers exposed to mercury,there were 1002 males(74.1%),the average age was(37.2±9.8)years old,and the length of service was 3.1(2.0,8.0)years.The abnormal rates of physical examination,blood pressure,electrocardiogram,blood routine,liver function,urinaryβ2-microglobulin and urinary mercury were 73.9%(1000/1353),12.3%(166/1353),30.2%(408/1353),59.9%(810/1353),32.5%(440/1353),15.2%(205/1353)and 2.2%(30/1353),respectively.The abnormal rates of blood pressure,blood routine,liver function,urinaryβ2-microglobulin and urinary mercury in male workers were higher than those in female workers(P<0.05).The abnormal rates of workers'blood pressure and physical examination results increased with the increase of age and length of service,while the abnormal rate of electrocardiogram results were opposite(P<0.05).There were statistically significant differences in the abnormal rates of blood pressure,blood routine,urinaryβ2-microglobulin and physical examination results among workers of different enterprises and different industries(P<0.05).Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the workers with age≥30 years old,microminiature enterprises,abnormal physical examination results and urinaryβ2-microglobulin were the susceptible population with abnormal urinary mercury(P<0.05).Conclusion The occupational health status

关 键 词：职业暴露 汞 健康状况 尿汞 影响因素 

分 类 号：R135.13[医药卫生—劳动卫生]