扩张尾裙对跨介质航行器高速入水转平弹道特性影响  

INFLUENCE OF EXPANSION STERNS ON THE FLATTING TRAJECTORY CHARACTERISTICS OF A TRANS-MEDIA VEHICLE DURING HIGH SPEED WATER ENTRY

作　　者：刘喜燕 罗凯[1] 袁绪龙[1] 任伟 Liu Xiyan;Luo Kai;Yuan Xulong;Ren Wei(School of Marine Science and Technology,Northwestern Polytechnical University,Xi’an 710072,China;Aviation Ammunition Research Institute,Norinco Group,Harbin 150030,China)

机构地区：[1]西北工业大学航海学院,西安710072 [2]中国兵器航空弹药研究院,哈尔滨150030

出　　处：《力学学报》2023年第2期343-354,共12页Chinese Journal of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics

基　　金：国家重点实验室基金资助项目(6142604190401).

摘　　要：扩张尾裙是影响跨介质航行器高速入水转平弹道及其稳定性的关键因素.采用流体体积多相流模型和动网格技术,建立了跨介质超空泡航行器高速入水多相流场弹道耦合计算方法,并通过试验验证了计算方法的准确性和适用性.通过对跨介质航行器高速入水转平过程进行数值模拟研究,获得尾裙外形对航行器入水转平过程中空泡发展形态、流体动力特性与弹道特性的影响,并分析尾裙扩张角度对高速入水转平弹道的影响规律.结果表明:不同预置舵角下的无尾裙外形航行器在入水转平过程中,攻角持续增大,最终导致弹道发散,带尾裙外形航行器在入水后尾裙沾湿形成了恢复力矩,获得了稳定的入水转平弹道;设计的1.5°,6°,8°尾裙角度的航行器形成了稳定滑水、单侧尾拍以及双侧尾拍3种弹道特征,且均能实现稳定高速入水转平弹道;稳定滑水弹道原理为预置舵角与尾裙滑水耦合作用下达到的动态平衡,该弹道综合阻力系数最小,转弯效率最高,动载荷最小,是跨介质航行器高速入水的理想弹道转平形式.The expansion stern is an important factor affecting the flatting trajectory and its stability of a trans-media vehicle during high speed water entry and turning flat process.In this paper,based on the fluid volume multiphase flow model and dynamic mesh technology,the coupling calculation method of multiphase flow field and trajectory of the trans-media supercavitating vehicle entering water at high speed is established.The accuracy and applicability of the numerical calculation method are verified by the experiments.Through the numerical simulation study on the high speed water entry and turning flat process of the trans-media vehicle,the influence of the expansion stern on the cavity development morphology,hydrodynamic characteristics and trajectory characteristics of the vehicle during the water entry and turning flat process is obtained,and the influence of the cone angle of expansion sterns on the flatting trajectory during high speed water entry is analyzed.The results show that when the vehicle without the expansion stern entering water and turning flat under the different preset rudder angles,the angle of attack increases continuously,eventually leading to the divergence of the flatting trajectory.After the vehicle with the expansion stern entering water,the recovery moment is formed when the expansion stern is wetted,and the stable flatting trajectory is obtained.The vehicles with different expansion stern cone angles(1.5°,6°,8°)have formed three different kinds of trajectory characteristics:stable planing,single-sided tail-slapping and double-sided tail-slapping,and all of them can achieve stable flatting trajectory.The principle of stable planing trajectory is the dynamic balance under the coupling effect of the preset rudder angle and expansion stern planing.This trajectory has the smallest comprehensive drag coefficient,the highest flatting efficiency and the smallest dynamic load,which is an ideal flatting trajectory form for the trans-media vehicle during high speed water entry.

关 键 词：跨介质航行器 高速入水 扩张尾裙 转平弹道 空化 

分 类 号：O352[理学—流体力学]