2007-2021年某院住院患儿死亡疾病谱分析  

Analysis of death spectrum of children in a hospital from 2007 to 2021

作　　者：叶璐熳 宋萍[1] 马武琼[1] YE Luman;SONG Ping;MA Wuqiong(Department of Medical Record Statistics,Children′s Hospital Affiliated to Chongqing Medical University,Chongqing 400014,China)

机构地区：[1]重庆医科大学附属儿童医院病案统计科,重庆400014

出　　处：《现代医药卫生》2023年第6期953-959,共7页Journal of Modern Medicine & Health

基　　金：重庆医科大学附属儿童医院儿童医疗保障创新研究示范基地项目(NCRCCHD-2019-HP-11)。

摘　　要：目的了解某院住院患儿死亡疾病谱的特点和变化规律,为优化医疗资源配置、制定相关政策提供科学依据。方法收集2007-2021年某三甲儿童医院0~18岁住院患儿的病案首页信息,共纳入出院病案1003170份,其中死亡病案为1969份。对不同时间段、年龄段住院死亡患儿疾病谱进行分析。结果2007-2021年住院患儿病死率呈逐年递减趋势。不同时间段住院患儿病死率比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.001)。不同时间段住院死亡患儿性别分布情况比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。不同时间段住院死亡患儿年龄分布情况比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.001)。肿瘤构成比由2007-2011年的6.18%上升至2017-2021年的17.79%。起源于围生期的疾病构成比由2007-2011年的8.20%下降至2017-2021年的2.90%。新生儿期、婴儿期、幼儿期排名第一的疾病分别为起源于围生期的疾病、先天性畸形/变形和染色体异常、传染病和寄生虫病;学龄前期、学龄期和青春期排名第一的疾病均为肿瘤。结论该院2007-2021年住院患儿死亡疾病谱变化较大,呼吸系统疾病如肺炎仍是儿童疾病防治的重点,同时还应加强对儿童恶性肿瘤、意外伤害的防控,降低儿童病死率。Objective To understand the characteristics and changing rules of the death spectrum of hospitalized children in a hospital,and provide scientific basis for optimizing the allocation of medical resources and formulating relevant policies.Methods From 2007 to 2021,the first page information of medical records of hospitalized children aged zero to 18 years in a tertiary children′s hospital was collected.A total of 1003170 discharged medical records were included,including 1969 death cases.The death spectrum of hospitalized children in different time periods and age groups was analyzed.Results The case fatality rate of hospitalized children decreased year by year from 2007 to 2021.The case fatality rate of hospitalized children in different time periods was statistically significant(P<0.001).There was no significant difference in the gender distribution of hospitalized dead children in different time periods(P>0.05).The age distribution of hospitalized dead children in different time periods was statistically significant(P<0.001).The proportion of tumors composition increased from 6.18%during 2007-2011 to 17.79%during 2017-2021.The proportion of diseases originating in the perinatal period decreased from 8.20%during 2007-2011 to 2.90%during 2017-2021.The first diseases in neonatal period,infancy period and early childhood were diseases originating in perinatal period,congenital malformations/deformations and chromosome abnormalities,infectious diseases and parasitic diseases,respectively.The first disease in pre-school age,school age and adolescence was tumor.Conclusion From 2007 to 2021,the death spectrum of hospitalized children in the hospital changed greatly.Respiratory diseases,such as pneumonia,are still the focus of prevention and control of children diseases.Meanwhile,the prevention and control of childhood malignant tumors and accidental injuries should be strengthened to reduce the case fatality rate of children.

关 键 词：住院患儿 死亡疾病谱 病死率 

分 类 号：R179[医药卫生—妇幼卫生保健]