重庆市万州区 GⅡ型诺如病毒流行病学特征分析  

Analysis of epidemiological characteristics of GⅡ norovirus in Wanzhou District of Chongqing

作　　者：郎中凯[1] 谭文莉 甘雨露 王颖 王恒芹[1] LANG Zhongkai;TAN Wenli;GAN Yulu;WANG Ying;WANG Hengqin(Chongqing Wanzhou District Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Chongqing 404100,China)

机构地区：[1]重庆市万州区疾病预防控制中心,重庆404100

出　　处：《现代医药卫生》2023年第6期982-986,共5页Journal of Modern Medicine & Health

摘　　要：目的了解重庆市万州区GⅡ型诺如病毒流行病学特征,为相关疫情防控提供参考。方法收集2021年重庆市万州区GⅡ型诺如病毒感染性腹泻疫情资料和实验室检测数据,进行描述性分析。结果2021年共发生12起GⅡ型诺如病毒感染性腹泻疫情,其中聚集性疫情10起、暴发性疫情2起。12起疫情采集各类标本173份,检出GⅡ型诺如病毒阳性标本121份,阳性率为69.94%。其中,疑似病例与重点人群肛拭子阳性检出率比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。疑似病例肛拭子与环境涂抹物标本阳性检出率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。6起疫情涉及的42株诺如病毒毒株的基因分型结果如下:18株为GⅡ.17[P17]型,占42.86%(18/42);16株为GⅡ.6[P7]型,占38.10%(16/42);5株为GⅡ.2[P16]型,占11.90%(5/42);3株为GⅡ.8[P8]型,占7.14%(3/42)。不同职业组、年龄组GⅡ型诺如病毒感染阳性率比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。不同性别组GⅡ型诺如病毒感染阳性率比较,差异无统计学意义(P=0.414)。不同地区GⅡ型诺如病毒感染罹患率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。不同场所GⅡ型诺如病毒感染罹患率比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.001)。GⅡ型诺如病毒感染性腹泻疫情主要集中在春、冬季。结论2021年该地区存在多种基因型别的GⅡ型诺如病毒毒株流行,其中GⅡ型诺如病毒感染性腹泻疫情高发季节为春、冬季,重点防控场所为中、小学校和托幼机构。Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of GⅡnorovirus in Wanzhou District,Chongqing,and provide reference for the prevention and control of related epidemic situation.Methods The epidemic data and laboratory test data of GⅡnorovirus infectious diarrhea in Wanzhou District of Chongqing in 2021 were collected and analysed descriptively.Results In 2021,there were 12 epidemics of GⅡnorovirus infectious diarrhea,including 10 clustered epidemics and 2 outbreak epidemics.173 samples of various types were collected from 12 epidemics,and 121 positive samples of GⅡnorovirus were detected,with a positive rate of 69.94%.Among them,the difference in the positive rate of anal swab between suspected cases and key populations was statistically significant(P<0.05).There was no statistically significant difference in the positive detection rate between anal swab of suspected case and environmental smear sample(P>0.05).The genotyping results of 42 norovirus strains involved in the 6 epidemics were as follows:18 strains were GⅡ.17[P17]type,accounting for 42.86%(18/42);16 strains were GⅡ.6[P7]type,accounting for 38.10%(16/42);5 strains were GⅡ.2[P16]type,accounting for 11.90%(5/42);3 strains were GⅡ.8[P8]type,accounting for 7.14%(3/42).The positive rates of GⅡnorovirus infection among different occupational groups and age groups were significantly different(P<0.05).There was no statistically significant difference in the positive rate of GⅡnorovirus infection between different sex groups(P=0.414).There was no significant difference in the incidence of GⅡnorovirus infection between different regions(P>0.05).There was significant difference in the incidence of GⅡnorovirus infection among different places(P<0.001).The epidemic of GⅡnorovirus infectious diarrhea was mainly concentrated in spring and winter.Conclusion In 2021,there are many genotypes of GⅡnorovirus virus strains in the region.The high incidence seasons of GⅡnorovirus infectious diarrhea epidemic is in spring and winter,an

关 键 词：诺如病毒 疫情 基因型 流行病学特征 

分 类 号：R183.4[医药卫生—流行病学]