聚乙烯醇基水凝胶超级电容器制备及性能研究  

Preparation and Properties of Polyvinyl Alcohol-Based Hydrogel Supercapacitor

作　　者：焦玉荣 彭成淋 耿玉涛 李耀耀 温俊峰 相玉琳 高立国 Jiao Yurong;Peng Chenglin;Geng Yutao;Li Yaoyao;Wen Junfeng;Xiang Yulin;Gao Liguo(Shaanxi Key Labboratory of Low Metamorphic Coal Clean Utilization,College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,Yulin University,Yulin,Shaanxi 719000)

机构地区：[1]榆林学院化学与化工学院,陕西省低变质煤洁净利用重点实验室,陕西榆林719000

出　　处：《非金属矿》2023年第1期35-39,共5页Non-Metallic Mines

基　　金：陕西省低变质煤洁净利用重点实验室项目(21JS049,20JS159);国家地区科学基金(41967022,222668035);陕西省科技厅项目(2020QFY05-05,2022QFY06-05);PVA基水凝胶的柔性和保水性研究(2022HX90);中科院-榆林学院联合基金(2021003)。

摘　　要：以聚乙烯醇(PVA)为单体,乙烯基杂化二氧化硅纳米颗粒(VHSNPs)为交联剂,过硫酸铵(APS)为引发剂,硫酸(H_(2)SO_(4))为溶剂,碘化钾(KI)为氧化还原物质,通过化学反应合成了VHSNPs-PVA/H_(2)SO_(4)/KI水凝胶,然后与泡沫镍组装成超级电容器。采用X射线衍射(XRD)仪、原位红外光谱(IR)仪、场发射扫描电子显微镜(SEM)和能谱(EDS)仪等对合成的水凝胶进行结构表征,通过机械测试研究水凝胶的力学性能,采用电化学工作站对制备的超级电容器进行循环伏安、交流阻抗及恒电流充放电测试。结果表明,VHSNPs-PVA/H_(2)SO_(4)/KI水凝胶具有良好的力学性能,能在一定范围内进行拉伸和压缩,具有很好的保水性,能够有效黏附在物体上。在0.5 A/g的电流密度下,制备的超级电容器质量比电容为190 F/g,能量密度为6.60 Wh/kg,且具有很小的内阻和电荷转移电阻,在1000次恒电流充放电过程中电容保持率为96%。Using polyvinyl alcohol(PVA)as monomer,vinyl hybrid silicon dioxide nanoparticles(VHSNPs)as crosslinking agent,ammonium persulfate(APS)as initiator,sulfuric acid(H_(2)SO_(4))as solvent,potassium iodide(KI)as redox substance,VHSNPs-PVA/H_(2)SO_(4)/KI hydrogel was synthesized by chemical reaction,then it was assembled with nickel foam into a supercapacitor.XRD,FT-IR,SEM and EDS were used to characterize the structure of the hydrogel,and the mechanical properties of the hydrogel were analyzed by mechanical tests.Cyclic voltammetry,galvanostatic charge-discharge and alternating-current impedance were measured by electrochemical workstation.The results show that VHSNPs-PVA/H_(2)SO_(4)/KI hydrogel has good mechanical properties,can be stretched and compressed in a certain range,and has good water retention,can effectively adhere to the object.The prepared supercapacitor has a mass specific capacitance of 190 F/g and an energy density of 6.60 Wh/kg at a current density of 0.5 A/g,with very small internal resistance and charge transfer resistance,and a capacitance retention rate of 96%in 1000 constant-current charging and discharging processes.

关 键 词：超级电容器 聚乙烯醇 乙烯基杂化二氧化硅纳米颗粒 水凝胶 

分 类 号：O611[理学—无机化学]