脱细胞基质复合支架在组织再生中的应用  

Application of decellularized extracellular matrix composite scaffolds in tissue regeneration

作　　者：杨顺 赵明月 涂希玲 高丽 杨琨 刘琪 Yang Shun;Zhao Mingyue;Tu Xiling;Gao Li;Yang Kun;Liu Qi(Department of Periodontology,Stomatological Hospital Affiliated to Zunyi Medical University,Zunyi 563000,Guizhou Province,China)

机构地区：[1]遵义医科大学附属口腔医院牙周科,贵州省遵义市563000

出　　处：《中国组织工程研究》2023年第30期4856-4861,共6页Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(82060204),项目负责人:高丽;贵州省科技厅(黔科合基础-ZK[2021]一般437),项目负责人:高丽。

摘　　要：背景:目前的脱细胞方法不可避免地会对脱细胞基质支架造成损伤,为更好地发挥其作为组织工程支架的优势,对脱细胞基质支架进行修饰以改善性能显得尤为重要。目的:综述脱细胞基质复合支架在组织再生中的应用进展。方法:以“decellularized extracellular matrix,tissue engineering,crosslinking,Electrospun nanofibers,3D bioprinting technology,tissue regeneration;脱细胞基质,组织工程,交联,静电纺丝纳米纤维,三维生物打印技术,组织再生”等作为关键词,在PubMed数据库、万方数据库、中国知网数据库进行检索,文献的语种限定为中文和英文,检索时限为2009-2022年。共检索到文献142余篇,最终纳入79篇进行综述。结果与结论:采用化学、物理及生物方法对组织或器官去除细胞的过程,会对脱细胞基质支架的超微结构造成损伤,导致支架的机械性能差与不可控的降解等。通过交联、静电纺丝技术、三维生物打印技术、纳米颗粒、甲氧基聚乙二醇及生长因子修饰构建复合支架,可优化脱细胞基质支架的性能,其中三维生物打印技术可将修饰后的脱细胞基质生物墨水打印出更加稳定、精准化的复合支架,对于个性化、精准化的组织再生显示出巨大潜力,但要实现功能和结构的组织再生及临床转化仍需不断探索和研究。BACKGROUND:Current decellularization methods inevitably cause damage to decellularized extracellular matrix scaffolds.To better exploit their advantages as tissue engineering scaffolds,it is particularly important to modify decellularized extracellular matrix scaffolds to improve their performance.OBJECTIVE:To review the application of decellularized extracellular matrix composite scaffolds in tissue regeneration.METHODS:Keywords“decellularized extracellular matrix,tissue engineering,crosslinking,electrospun nanofibers,3D bioprinting technology,tissue regeneration”were searched on PubMed,WanFang and CNKI databases.The language of the literature was limited to Chinese and English,and the retrieval time was from 2009 to 2022.A total of more than 142 articles were retrieved,and 79 articles were finally included for review.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The process of removing cells from tissues or organs by chemical,physical and biological methods inevitably leads to ultrastructural damage of decellularized extracellular matrix scaffolds,as well as adverse factors such as poor mechanical properties,and uncontrolled degradation.The composite scaffold can be modified by cross-linking,electrospinning,three-dimensional bioprinting,nanoparticles,methoxy polyethylene glycol,and growth factor,which can optimize the performance of decellularized extracellular matrix scaffold.Among them,three-dimensional bioprinting technology can print more stable and precise composite scaffolds from modified decellularized extracellular matrix bioprinks,showing a great potential for personalized and precise tissue regeneration.However,achieving functional and structural tissue regeneration and clinical transformation still needs to be explored and studied.

关 键 词：脱细胞基质 组织工程 再生 交联 静电纺丝纳米纤维 三维生物打印技术 综述 

分 类 号：R459.9[医药卫生—治疗学] R318.08[医药卫生—临床医学] R-1