5083铝合金自冲铆接成形机理与失效分析  

Forming mechanism and failure analysis of self-piercing riveted of 5083 aluminum alloys

作　　者：扶文生 张先炼 张青 FU Wen-sheng;ZHANG Xian-lian;ZHANG Qing(School of Mechanical Engineering,Yangtze University,Jingzhou 434023,China)

机构地区：[1]长江大学机械工程学院,湖北荆州434023

出　　处：《塑性工程学报》2023年第3期91-98,共8页Journal of Plasticity Engineering

基　　金：长江大学科研发展基金资助项目(8021002902)。

摘　　要：采用不同材质的铆钉及不同规格的下模具研究了5083铝合金自冲铆接头的工艺特点,基于有限元及力学试验结果分析了接头的成形机理、力学性能及失效行为。结果表明,采用36MnB4硼钢铆钉和平模制备的接头成形质量更高。铆钉材质和模具规格均会影响5083铝合金自冲铆接头的成形质量,铆钉材质的优化对成形质量具有更为显著的提升效果。有限元模拟的接头成形截面参数与实际试验截面参数基本一致。成形过程中,铆钉腿与钉头过渡区域为铆钉上的应力集中区域,而被连接板材上的应力集中主要处于塑性变形区域。接头应力集中区域与实际失效特征区域相吻合,5083铝合金自冲铆接头失效形式均为下板与铆钉分离,且接头承载能力越强,失效后的破坏特征越明显。采用36MnB4硼钢铆钉和平模的接头综合性能更优,能够满足相对较高的承载需要,适用于对抗冲击性能要求较高的结构。The process characteristics of self-piercing riveted(SPR)joints of 5083 aluminum alloy were studied using rivets with different materials and lower dies with different specifications.The forming mechanism,mechanical properties and failure behaviors of the joints were analyzed based on the finite element and mechanical test results.The results show that the joint made with 36MnB4 boron steel rivet and flat die has a better forming quality.The forming quality of SPR joints of 5083 aluminum alloy is affected by rivet material and die specification.The optimization of rivet material has a more significant effect on improving the forming quality.The cross-section parameters of the joints obtained by finite element simulation are basically consistent with those of the actual test.In the forming process,the transition area between rivet leg and head is the stress concentration area on the rivet,while the stress concentration on the connected sheet is mainly in the plastic deformation area.The stress concentration area of the joint is consistent with the actual failure characteristic area.The failure mode of the SPR joints of 5083 aluminum alloy is the separation of the lower plate and the rivet,and the stronger the bearing capacity of the joint is,the more obvious the failure characteristics are.The joint with 36MnB4 boron steel rivet and flat die has a better comprehensive performance.It is suitable for the structures with the needs of relatively high bearing capacity and high impact resistance.

关 键 词：自冲铆接 5083铝合金 塑性成形 静力学性能 失效分析 

分 类 号：TG386.4[金属学及工艺—金属压力加工]