湖南稷子种子标准发芽方法研究  

Research on the Standard Germination method of Echinochloa frumentacea Seeds

作　　者：朱楷 陈镜聿 李跃 王占海 麻冬梅[2] 孙彦[1] ZHU Kai;CHEN Jing-yu;LI Yue;WANG Zhan-hai;MA Dong-mei;SUN Yan(College of Grassland Science and Technology,China Agricultural University,Beijing 100193,China;College of Ecology and Environment,Ningxia University,Yinchuan,Ningxia 750021,China;Hulun Buir Agricultural and animal Husbandry Technology Extension Center,/Hailar,Inner Mongolia 021008,China)

机构地区：[1]中国农业大学草业科学与技术学院,北京100193 [2]宁夏大学生态环境学院,宁夏银川750021 [3]呼伦贝尔市农牧技术推广中心,内蒙古海拉尔021008

出　　处：《草地学报》2023年第3期903-913,共11页Acta Agrestia Sinica

基　　金：宁夏自治区农业育种专项(2019 NYYZ0401);宁夏重点研发计划项目(2022BDE92070)资助。

摘　　要：湖南稷子(Echinochloa frumentacea)具有优良的抗逆性和较高的饲用价值,既可作为改良盐碱地的先锋植物又可用作青饲料以及调制干草或青贮。然而其种子具有一定的休眠性,休眠种子的发芽率较低,限制了湖南稷子的生产效率。本研究以2020,2021年收获的湖南稷子种子为研究对象,探究不同物理方法、化学方法、激素诱导方法对于解除湖南稷子种子休眠的效果。试验结果表明,0.05%GA_(3)20℃~35℃,0.05%GA_(3)20℃~30℃,预冷20℃~30℃,0.05%KNO_(3)25℃,预冷+0.05%KNO_(3)15℃~25℃处理可使种子发芽率平均达到86%以上,且幼苗生长状况良好。综合考虑发芽试验结果和实际操作上的难易程度后得出结论:采用培养皿纸上发芽法(Top of paper test on germination,TP),0.05%GA_(3)20℃~35℃,0.05%GA_(3)20℃~30℃处理为湖南稷子种子的最佳标准发芽方法。Echinochloa frumentacea has excellent stress resistance and high feeding value.It can not only be used as a pioneer plant for saline-alkali land amelioaration,but also for green feed,hay-making or silage production.However,its seeds have a certain degree of dormancy,such so that the germination percentage of seeds is low,which limits the production efficiency of Echinochloa frumentacea.In this study,Echinochloa frumentacea seeds harvested in 2020 and 2021 were used as experimental objects to explore the effects of different physical,chemical and hormone induced methods on relieving the dormancy of Echinochloa frumentacea seeds.The results showed that the germination percentage of the seeds reached 86%on average and the seedlings grew well after the treatment of 0.05%GA_(3)20℃~35℃,0.05%GA_(3)20℃~30℃,precooling 20℃~30℃,0.05%KNO_(3)25℃and precooling+0.05%KNO_(3)15℃~25℃.By evaluating the outcomes of germination test and the degree of difficulty in practical operation,it was concluded that the best standard germination method of Echinochloa frumentacea was using the(TP)Top of paper test on germination,method,0.05%GA_(3)20℃~35℃and 0.05%GA_(3)20℃~30℃.

关 键 词：湖南稷子 种子休眠 打破休眠 发芽率 

分 类 号：S688.4[农业科学—观赏园艺] S324[农业科学—园艺学]