空间X射线反射式聚焦系统的同步辐射表征技术  

Characterization of space X-ray reflective focusing system by using synchrotron radiation facility

作　　者：田纳玺 谢佳男 蒋晖 杨宇[4] TIAN Naxi;XIE Jianan;JIANG Hui;YANG Yu(Shanghai Advanced Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Shanghai 201204,China;ShanghaiTech University,Shanghai 201210,China;Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Shanghai 201800,China;Beijing Institute of Tracking and Communication Technology,Beijing 100190,Chin)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院上海高等研究院,上海201204 [2]上海科学技术大学,上海201210 [3]中国科学院上海应用物理研究所,上海201800 [4]北京控制工程研究所,北京100190

出　　处：《航空学报》2023年第3期71-89,共19页Acta Aeronautica et Astronautica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(11775295,12175294);上海市自然科学基金(21ZR1471500);中国科学院青年创新促进会(2018295)。

摘　　要：针对脉冲星观测与计时导航等领域对空间X射线望远镜测试与标定的迫切需求,综述了目前国内外基于同步辐射和X射线自由电子激光光源发展的多种高精度的反射式聚焦系统的面形检测、系统标定和反射率计量测量技术。着重介绍了细光束、哈特曼波前传感器、光栅干涉、近场散斑等面形测试方法在不同尺度和面形的反射镜在线测量中的应用,阐明了其在工程应用中的优劣。介绍了同步辐射装置在空间X射线望远镜的在线成像和校准以及反射率计量上已开展的卓有成效工作。期望通过相关综述介绍,可以推广空间X射线望远镜反射元件广泛利用同步辐射等大科学装置进行性能表征实验,以此促进相关领域的进一步发展。国内同步辐射大科学装置的建立和蓬勃发展为大尺度空间X射线望远镜的在线检测、校准和光学性能表征提供了重要支撑。Considering the urgent demand for the testing and calibration of X-ray space telescope in the fields of pulsar observation and timing navigation,this review summarizes various high-precision wavefront and mirror figure detection,system calibration and reflectivity test techniques using synchrotron radiation and free electron laser facilities.Some important at-wavelength metrologies for testing reflective mirrors with different scales and surface shapes,such as pencil beam,Hartmann sensor,grating interferometer and near-field speckle techniques,are introduced and compared.The current application of synchrotron radiation facility in at-wavelength imaging,calibration and reflectivity measurement of X-ray space telescope is also presented.The characterization of space telescope based on synchrotron radiation is hoped to be widely developed,so as to promote further progress of related fields.The blooming synchrotron radiation facilities provide potential strong support for wavelength detection,calibration and optical performance characterization for large-scale X-ray space telescope.

关 键 词：X射线反射镜 同步辐射 在线检测 波前检测 面形误差 

分 类 号：V11[航空宇航科学与技术—人机与环境工程] O434.1[机械工程—光学工程]