脉冲星试验01星科学试验与成果  

Scientific experiments and achievements of XPNAV-1

作　　者：姜坤[1,2] 焦文海 郝晓龙[1] 刘莹[1] 王奕迪[3] 张新源[4] 国际[1] JIANG Kun;JIAO Wenhai;HAO Xiaolong;LIU Ying;WANG Yidi;ZHANG Xinyuan;GUO Ji(Beijing Institute of Tracking and Communication Technology,Beijing 100094,China;Aerospace Information Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100094,China;College of Aerospace Science and Engineering,National University of Defense Technology,Changsha 410073,China;China Academy of Space Technology,Beijing 100094,China)

机构地区：[1]北京跟踪与通信技术研究所,北京100094 [2]中国科学院空天信息创新研究院,北京100094 [3]国防科技大学空天科学学院,长沙410073 [4]中国空间技术研究院,北京100094

出　　处：《航空学报》2023年第3期90-99,共10页Acta Aeronautica et Astronautica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(U1838101)。

摘　　要：X射线脉冲星导航作为一种战略性、前沿性、基础性技术,自概念诞生以来就备受国际关注。由于脉冲星导航仿真验证模型复杂,关键技术难以全部地面验证,为此中国于2016年发射了脉冲星试验01星开展系列科学试验。对脉冲星试验01星科学试验成果进行了系统总结:利用大流量脉冲星实测数据对Wolter-I聚焦型探测器在轨能量响应、时间响应、有效面积和本底噪声进行了测试标定,基于低流量脉冲星实测数据开展了空间环境探测试验,对蟹状星云(Crab)脉冲星进行长期观测并计时分析得到了高精度自转参数,初步试验验证了脉冲星导航技术。结合脉冲星试验01星的科学试验经验提出了未来发展方向。相关试验的开展摸清了中国脉冲星导航技术能力现状,获取了大量自主观测数据,加速了中国脉冲星导航技术发展。X-ray pulsar navigation,as a strategic,cutting-edge,and basic technology,has attracted international attention since the birth of the concept.Due to the complexity of the pulsar navigation simulation verification model,it is difficult to verify all key technologies on the ground.Therefore,China launched the XPNAV-1 satellite in 2016 and carried out a series of scientific experiments.This paper systematically summarizes the scientific experiment results of XPNAV-1.The energy response,time response,effective area and background noise of Wolter-I focusing detector are on-orbit measured and calibrated using the measured data of large flow pulsars.Based on the measured data of low flow pulsars,the space environment detection experiment was carried out;the rotation parameters of Crab pulsar with high accuracy are obtained by long-term observation and timing analysis;the pulsar navigation technology is verified by preliminary experiments.Combined with the scientific experiment experience of XPNAV-1,the future development direction is proposed.The experiments have found out the current capability of pulsar navigation technology,and obtained a large amount of independent observation data,accelerating the development of pulsar navigation technology of China.

关 键 词：脉冲星试验01星 蟹状星云脉冲星 X射线探测器 X射线脉冲星导航 周期跃变 

分 类 号：V474.1[航空宇航科学与技术—飞行器设计] P145.6[天文地球—天体物理]