利用GECAM卫星Crab脉冲星观测数据的定轨分析  

Orbit determination analysis using Crab observation data of GECAM mission

作　　者：韩大炜[1] 郑世界[1] 庹攸隶 葛明玉[1] 宋黎明[1] 李新乔[1] 文向阳 熊少林[1] HAN Dawei;ZHENG Shijie;TUO Youli;GE Mingyu;SONG Liming;LI Xinqiao;WEN Xiangyang;XIONG Shaolin(Key Laboratory of Particle Astrophysics,The Institute of High Energy Physics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院高能物理研究所粒子天体物理重点实验室,北京100049

出　　处：《航空学报》2023年第3期100-108,共9页Acta Aeronautica et Astronautica Sinica

基　　金：中国科学院空间科学战略性先导科技专项(XDA15360300,XDA15020700,XDA15052700);国家自然科学基金(U1838101,U1938109)。

摘　　要：怀柔一号引力波暴高能电磁对应体全天监测器(GECAM)卫星是中国探测引力波暴(GWBs)、快速射电暴(FRBs)和伽马射线暴(GRBs)等暴发现象高能电磁对应体的空间天文卫星。得益于使用硅光电倍增器代替传统器件的创新设计,GECAM在具有很高的时间分辨率(0.1μs)、绝对时间精度(~3μs)和很广视场的同时大幅减轻了重量。利用GECAM卫星的Crab观测数据,基于轨道动力学模型和脉冲星脉冲轮廓显著性分析的定轨算法(SEPO)开展了单脉冲星的定轨验证。结果表明该算法能实现对GECAM卫星B卫星的轨道进行定轨,利用40天的在轨观测数据可得定轨精度(99.7%置信度)如下:轨道半长轴精度为5.85 m,偏心率精度为0.000121,轨道倾角精度为0.0131°,升交点赤经精度为0.165°,近地点幅角精度为0.216°,平近地点角精度为0.217°。试验证明了用作伽马暴监视的微小卫星也可进行脉冲星定轨,为中国未来脉冲星空间定轨和导航提供了新的思路。Huairou-I,the Gravitational Wave High-Energy Electromagnetic Counterpart All-Sky Monitor(GECAM)satellite,is used to monitor various types of Gravitational Wave Bursts(GWBs),Fast Radio Bursts(FRBs),and Gamma-Ray Bursts(GRBs).Thanks to the novel design using silicon photoelectric multipliers instead of traditional devices in the GRD detector and electronics,GECAM features a high time resolution(0.1μs),time accuracy(~3μs),and wide field of view,and reduces the weight greatly.In this work,we report our results of testing pulsar navigation with GECAM observations.The Significance Enhancement of Pulse-profile with Orbit-dynamics(SEPO)algorithm combines orbit dynamics and pulsar profile analysis for the first time in China,which has been used in the POLAR and Insight-HXMT Satellite.With 40 days observations of the Crab pulsar,the GECAM-B orbit is determined successfully.The parameter values of the orbital elements are solved and the errors are estimated by the bootstrap method.The errors with 99.7%confidence are semi-major axis error of 5.85 m,eccentricity error of 0.000121,inclination error of 0.0131°,RAAN error of 0.165°,error for argument of perigee of 0.216°,and mean anomaly error of 0.217°.The experiment proves that the small satellites used for gamma-ray burst monitoring can be also used to determine the orbit by the pulsar,which provides a new idea for pulsar orbit determination and navigation in the future.

关 键 词：怀柔一号 Crab脉冲星 脉冲星导航 X射线 轨道动力学 

分 类 号：V11[航空宇航科学与技术—人机与环境工程] P128.4[天文地球—天体测量] P145.6[天文地球—天文学]