导航脉冲星星历表时空参考系统一性问题  

Unity of pulsar-based ephemeris time-space reference systems for navigation

作　　者：赵成仕[1] 高玉平[1,2] 童明雷 朱幸芝[1] 罗近涛[1] ZHAO Chengshi;GAO Yuping;TONG Minglei;ZHU Xingzhi;LUO Jintao(National Time Service Center,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Xi’an 710600,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院国家授时中心,西安710600 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049

出　　处：《航空学报》2023年第3期158-169,共12页Acta Aeronautica et Astronautica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(11873050,11873049,11973046,U1831130,U1931128);科技部SKA专项(2020SKA0120103);中国科学院“西部青年学者”(XAB2021YN27)。

摘　　要：脉冲星具有很高自转稳定性,利用一组统一参考系统下的脉冲星星历表所构建的高精度时空基准,可对飞行器进行自主导航。目前国内尚未观测给出统一参考下的导航脉冲星星历表,国际上已发布的导航脉冲星星历表是在不同参考系统下建立的,无法直接用于构建时空基准,将影响我国近期开展空间脉冲星导航试验。针对没有原始计时观测数据的情况,提出通过模拟计时观测数据,拟合获得新参考系统下的星历表,实现一组导航脉冲星星历表的参考系统统一。最后分析了基于该方法不同参考下的星历表转换精度,其中,DE200转换为DE436后,脉冲星TOA一年内预报值最大偏差由86.6μs减小为2.3μs。TT(TAI)转换为TT(BIPM15)后,TOA一年内预报值最大偏差由0.326μs减小为0.062μs。基于TEMPO2中transform插件可实现不同参考坐标时下星历表精准转换,转换误差小于6 ns,可忽略不计。参考系统DE421/TT(TAI)/TDB转化为DE436/TT(BIPM15)/TCB后,TOA一年内的预报最大偏差降低为0.047μs。Pulsars have remarkable regularity of rotation,and a high-precision time-space reference constructed from a group of pulsars ephemeris with a unified reference system can realize autonomous navigation for aircraft.At present,the navigation pulsar ephemeris under unified reference system have not been given through observation in China,and the internationally published ephemeris with different reference system cannot directly construct a time space reference,which will affects China’s recent pulsar navigation experiments.In the absence of original timing observation data,the pulsar ephemeris is fitted with a new reference system by using the simulated timing observation data to realize the unification of the reference system of a group of navigation pulsar ephemeris.Finally,the accuracy of ephemeris conversion based on this method is analyzed.When the ephemeris reference is converted from DE200to DE436,the maximum deviation of the pulsar TOA prediction within one year is reduced from 86.6 to 2.3μs,and the TOA prediction values change from 0.326 to 0.062μs within one year as the reference time is converted from TT(TAI)to TT(BIPM15).Based on the software transform plug-in in TEMPO2,the ephemeris can be accurately converted under different reference coordinates,and the conversion error is less than 6 ns,which can be ignored.The TOA prediction value is reduced to 0.047μs within one year as the reference system is converted from DE421/TT(TAI)/TDB to DE436/TT(BIPM15)/TCB.

关 键 词：脉冲星导航 脉冲星星历表 参考系统 计时残差 脉冲星计时 

分 类 号：V448.21[航空宇航科学与技术—飞行器设计]