基于安德森模型的河南省老年人自我医疗影响因素分析  

Study on the influencing factors of self-medical treatment of the elderly in Henan Province based on Anderson model

作　　者：欧阳宗尚 苏蕴 张杨洋 田庆丰 时松和[2] OUYANG Zongshang;SU Yun;ZHANG Yangyang;TIAN Qingfeng;SHI Songhe(Department of Social Medicine and Health Service Management,College of Public Health,Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou 450001;Department of Health Statistics,College of Public Health,Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou 450001)

机构地区：[1]郑州大学公共卫生学院社会医学与卫生事业管理学教研室,郑州450001 [2]郑州大学公共卫生学院卫生统计学教研室,郑州450001

出　　处：《郑州大学学报（医学版）》2023年第2期191-195,共5页Journal of Zhengzhou University(Medical Sciences)

基　　金：科技部重点研发计划项目(2020YFC2006100)。

摘　　要：目的:探讨河南省老年人自我医疗状况及影响因素。方法:采用多阶段整群随机抽样抽取7 597名河南省60岁及以上老年人为研究对象,对“两周内是否因为不舒服用药或采取自我医疗措施”进行家庭健康调查,基于传统安德森卫生服务行为模型进行Logistic回归分析。结果:7 957人中,有自我医疗行为2 606人(32.75%);日常居住地为农村(OR=0.518,95%CI:0.454~0.592)、城乡居民医保(OR=0.514,95%CI:0.443~0.597)的老年人选择自我医疗的倾向性较低;年龄在70~79岁(OR=1.168,95%CI:1.032~1.322)、女性(OR=1.173,95%CI:1.046~1.315)、近1 a没有接受健康体检(OR=1.144,95%CI:1.019~1.284)、从家到最近医疗机构的时间在11~30 min(OR=1.215,95%CI:1.023~1.444)和>30 min(OR=2.237,95%CI:1.094~4.577)、患1种慢性病(OR=10.370,95%CI:8.877~12.115)和患≥2种慢性病(OR=28.167,95%CI:23.673~33.514)的老年人更倾向进行自我医疗。结论:年龄、性别、日常居住地、近1 a健康体检情况以及就医便利程度、医保类型、慢性病种数是影响河南省老年人自我医疗行为的主要因素。Aim:To explore the status and influencing factors of self-medical treatment of the elderly in Henan Province.Methods:Multi-stage cluster random sampling was used to select 7957 elderly persons aged 60 years or above in Henan Province.A family health survey was conducted on"whether they took medication or self-medical measures due to discomfort within two weeks",and Logistic regression analysis was carried out based on Anderson′s health service behavior model.Results:Among the 7597 elderly,2606(32.75%)had self-medical treatment;elderly people with daily residence in rural areas(OR=0.518,95%CI:0.454-0.592),urban and rural residents'medical insurance(OR=0.514,95%CI:0.443-0.597)were less likely to choose self-medical treatment;the elderly aged 70-79 years(OR=1.168,95%CI:1.032-1.322),female(OR=1.173,95%CI:1.046-1.315),without physical examination within one year(OR=1.144,95%CI:1.019-1.284),with the time of 11-30 min from home to the nearest medical institution(OR=1.215,95%CI:1.023-1.444)and>30 min(OR=2.237,95%CI:1.094-4.577),with 1 chronic disease(OR=10.370,95%CI:8.877-12.115)and≥2 chronic diseases(OR=28.167,95%CI:23.673-33.514)were more likely to choose self-medical treatment.Conclusion:Age,gender,place of residence,physical examination within one year,convenience of medical treatment,type of medical insurance and chronic diseases are the main factors affecting the self-medical treatment of the elderly in Henan Province.

关 键 词：老年人 自我医疗 安德森模型 河南省 

分 类 号：R195.1[医药卫生—卫生统计学]