异山梨醇基可降解高韧热塑性聚氨酯的合成与性能  

Synthesis and Properties of Isosorbide-Based Degradable High Toughness Polyurethane

作　　者：叶梦婷 陈咏 王华平[1] 乌婧 YE Meng-ting;CHEN Yong;WANG Hua-ping;WU Jing(State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials,College of Materials Science and Engineering,Donghua University,Shanghai 201620,China;Donghua University Textile Science and Technology Innovation Center,Textile Industry Key Technology Collaborative Innovation Center,Shanghai 201620,China)

机构地区：[1]东华大学材料科学与工程学院、纤维材料改性国家重点实验室,上海201620 [2]东华大学纺织科技创新中心纺织产业关键技术协同创新中心,上海201620

出　　处：《塑料科技》2023年第2期1-5,共5页Plastics Science and Technology

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2021YFB3700300);国家自然科学基金(52073054)。

摘　　要：当热塑性聚氨酯(TPU)获得可降解性,其力学性能通常受到不良影响,需要制备兼具可降解性和较高力学性能的TPU。以异山梨醇(IS)和六亚甲基二异氰酸酯(HDI)为原料,通过溶液法合成了新型聚氨基甲酸酯(PIU),并将其作为硬段,引入可降解软段聚己内酯二醇(PCL-2000),采用两步法制备了聚氨酯弹性体(PICU),并通过核磁氢谱表征。结果表明:异山梨醇的高刚性结构使PIU的玻璃化转变温度(Tg)高达80℃,熔融温度(Tm)可达210℃。通过红外分析证明PIU可形成强分子间氢键,适合作为PICU的硬段。PICU聚合物的Tg为-67℃,Tm为45℃,弹性体的热转变性能主要受软段PCL-2000影响。PICU的拉伸强度为9.7 MPa,断裂伸长率可达1 175%。通过引入高刚性硬段PIU,促进TPU中物理交联网络的形成,成功合成兼具可降解性与较高力学性能的PICU聚合物。When thermoplastic polyurethane(TPU) obtains degradability, its mechanical properties are usually adversely affected, and it is necessary to prepare TPU with both degradability and high mechanical properties. A novel polyurethane(PIU) was synthesized by solution method using isosorbide(IS) and hexamethylene diisocyanate(HDI) as raw materials.The PIU was used as a hard segment, and the degradable soft segment polycaprolactone diol(PCL-2000) was introduced.Polyurethane elastomer(PICU) was prepared by two-step method and characterized by nuclear magnetic resonance hydrogen spectrum. The results show that the glass transition temperature(Tg) of PIU is as high as 80 ℃ and the melting temperature(Tm) can reach 210 ℃ due to the high rigid structure of isosorbide. Infrared analysis show that PIU can form strong intermolecular hydrogen bonds, which is suitable as a hard segment of polyurethane elastomer. The Tgof PICU polymer is-67 ℃, and Tmis 45 ℃. The thermal transition performance of the elastomer is mainly affected by the soft segment PCL-2000. The tensile strength of PICU is 9.7 MPa and the elongation at break can reach 1 175%. PICU with both degradability and high mechanical properties is successfully synthesized by introducing high rigid hard segment PIU to promote the formation of physical crosslinking network in TPU.

关 键 词：热塑性聚氨酯 异山梨醇 可降解性 聚己内酯 聚氨基甲酸酯 力学性能 

分 类 号：TQ323.8[化学工程—合成树脂塑料工业]