CO_(2)驱凝胶封窜体系研究进展  

A review of channeling blocking gel systems for CO_(2) flooding

作　　者：刘雅婕 刘琦 LIU Yajie;LIU Qi(Unconventional Petroleum Research Institute,China University of Petroleum(Beijing),Beijing City,102249,China;Beijing Key Laboratory of Greenhouse Gas Storage and Oil Exploitation and Utilization,China University of Petroleum(Beijing),Beijing City,102249,China)

机构地区：[1]中国石油大学(北京)非常规油气科学技术研究院,北京102249 [2]温室气体封存与石油开采利用北京市重点实验室,北京102249

出　　处：《油气地质与采收率》2023年第2期122-134,共13页Petroleum Geology and Recovery Efficiency

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目“CCUS地质封存中CO_(2)-咸水-地层岩-油井水泥相互作用机理的研究”(51604288);绿色建筑材料国家重点实验室开放基金“CO_(2)-EOR过程中的油井水泥侵蚀机理”(2019GBM10);中国石油大学(北京)科研基金资助“CCUS地质封存中固井水泥智能响应封窜体系协同调控机制研究”(ZX20200133)。

摘　　要：由于油气间黏度差异大和油藏的非均质性,在CO_(2)驱油过程会发生气窜从而降低CO_(2)的波及效率。凝胶体系是CO_(2)驱油过程中的有效封窜剂,在中外都有着广泛的应用。介绍了延缓交联聚丙烯酰胺凝胶、预交联凝胶颗粒、两级封窜凝胶体系、泡沫凝胶这4种凝胶体系的封窜机理以及研究进展。延缓交联丙烯酰胺凝胶流动性强,价格低廉,但是成胶强度、成胶时间不可控并且不耐酸性腐蚀。预交联凝胶颗粒成胶时间、成胶强度可控且耐高温耐高矿化度,但是粒度较大,无法进入渗透率较低的地层。两级封窜凝胶体系结合了刚性凝胶与小分子的优势,能够同时封堵不同尺寸的裂缝,但是对于超过特定尺寸的裂缝,封堵效果将会下降。泡沫凝胶对地层伤害小,但是不耐高温。目前,用于CO_(2)驱气窜的凝胶体系存在着不耐酸性腐蚀的问题,如何使长期处于CO_(2)酸性环境下的凝胶体系保持稳定是未来的研究方向。Due to the large viscosity difference between oil and gas and the heterogeneity of oil reservoirs,gas channeling occurs during CO_(2) flooding,reducing the sweep efficiency of CO_(2).Gel system is an effective channeling blocking agent for the process of CO_(2) flooding and is widely used in China and abroad.This paper outlines the channeling blocking mechanisms and research progress of four kinds of gel systems:retardant cross-linked polyacrylamide gels,pre-crosslinked gel particles,two-stage channeling blocking gel systems,and foam gels.Retardant cross-linked acrylamide gels have good mobility and low price,although the gel strength and gelling time are uncontrollable.More importantly,they are not resistant to acid corrosion.Pre-crosslinked gel particles enjoy controllable gelling time and gel strength and are resistant to high temperature and high salinity.Nevertheless,their large particle size prevents them from entering formations with low permeability.The two-stage channeling blocking gel systems,combining the advantages of rigid gels with those of small molecules,can simultaneously block fractures of different sizes.However,their blocking effect decreases when fractures exceed a certain size.Foam gels cause little damage to the formation,although they are not resistant to high temperatures.At present,the gel systems used for gas channeling treatment during CO_(2) flooding have the problem of irresistibility to acid corrosion.Keeping gel systems in CO_(2) acid environments for a long time stable is the future research direction.

关 键 词：CCUS CO_(2)驱 气窜 封窜剂 凝胶 

分 类 号：TE357[石油与天然气工程—油气田开发工程]