国外卫星搭载有效载荷发展综述  

Review on Development of Foreign Hosted Payloads

作　　者：王久龙 徐晨阳 曾文彬 蔡盛[1] WANG Jiulong;XU Chenyang;ZENG Wenbin;CAI Sheng(Changchun Institute of Optics,Fine Mechanics and Physics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Changchun 130033,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所,长春130033

出　　处：《航天器工程》2023年第1期116-124,共9页Spacecraft Engineering

基　　金：中国科学院青年创新促进会会员资助项目(2019226)。

摘　　要：分析了搭载有效载荷的概念,给出了宿主卫星平台与搭载有效载荷的接口关系,阐述了搭载有效载荷在降低航天成本、分散任务风险及实现快速发射等方面的优点和挑战;调研了近年来国外搭载有效载荷在遥感成像、卫星通信、定位导航、导弹预警等领域的发展现状,梳理了几个代表性的搭载有效载荷项目的发展背景、系统组成、技术指标,如商业搭载红外有效载荷、广域增强系统、专用超高频通信有效载荷、天基杀伤评估系统;分析了搭载有效载荷在天基侦察、预警探测卫星通信系统、高轨空间态势感知等领域的应用前景,提出了制定平台与载荷标准化接口、建立合理有效载荷价格模型等建议。The concept of hosted payloads is analyzed,the interface relationship between the host satellite platform and payloads is given,and the advantages and challenges of payloads in reducing aerospace costs,dispersing mission risks,and achieving rapid launch are expounded.The development history of foreign hosted payloads in the fields of remote sensing imaging,satellite communications,positioning and navigation,and missile early warning in recent years is investigated,and the development background,system composition,and technical indicators of several representative commercial payload projects are reviewed,for instance,commercially hosted infrared payload,wide area augmentation system,UHF communication payload,space-based kill assessment.The application prospects of hosted payload in space-based reconnaissance and early warning detection,satellite communication system,GEO space situation awareness and other fields are analyzed.Some suggestions are put forward,such as formulating standardized interface between platform and payload and establishing reasonable payload price model.

关 键 词：搭载有效载荷 宿主卫星 卫星通信 天基杀伤评估 态势感知 价格模型 

分 类 号：V474.2[航空宇航科学与技术—飞行器设计]