新疆某地区牛场乳房炎流行调查及病原分离、药敏试验  

Epidemiological investigation of mastitis in a cattle farm in Xinjiang and isolation of pathogens and drug susceptibility testing

作　　者：乔彦杰 魏勇 解津刚 蒋松[1] Qiao Yanjie;Wei Yong;Xie Jin'gang;Jiang Song(College of Animal Science and Technology,Shihezi University,Xinjiang Shihezi 832000;Xinjiang Tianrun company limited,Xinjiang Wulumuqi 830000)

机构地区：[1]石河子大学动物科技学院,新疆石河子832000 [2]新疆天润乳业股份有限公司,新疆乌鲁木齐830000

出　　处：《现代畜牧兽医》2023年第2期60-64,共5页Modern Journal of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine

基　　金：新疆兵团十二师重大科技项目“优质生鲜乳安全高效生产关键技术集成与推广示范应用(SR2020001)”;万头规模化奶牛养殖全产业链提质增效技术集成与示范(SR202101);兵团科技项目“奶牛场实验室健康养殖检测技术体系创新团队(2022CB014-01)”。

摘　　要：试验旨在调查新疆地区牛场乳房炎的流行情况,采用临床诊断法及隐性乳房炎试剂诊断法抽取108头奶牛统计乳房炎发病率,并对该场两批奶牛(4月份305头,6月份323头)进行体细胞检测;经分离培养,从43份可疑奶样中分离到36株菌株进行药敏试验。结果显示:按乳区统计,临床乳房炎患病率为10.19%,隐性乳房炎阳性率为34.26%。试验期间检测其中两批奶样的体细胞数,第一次测定奶样中平均体细胞数为73.28万,体细胞数大于等于40万占比为81.31%(248/305);经过2个月治疗之后进行第2次测定,其平均体细胞数为56.25万,体细胞数大于等于40万占比为78.33%(253/323)。奶牛乳房炎的主要致病菌为葡萄球菌、链球菌,其中葡萄球菌分离率最高;分离的菌株主要对头孢类、四环素类药物具有较强的敏感性。研究表明,新疆该地区隐性奶牛乳房炎发病率较高,可用头孢类药物进行治疗。The aim of the experiment was to investigate the prevalence of mastitis in cattle farms in Xinjiang region. A total of 108 cows were selected by clinical diagnosis and recessive mastitis reagent diagnosis method to analyze the incidence of mastitis. Somatic cells of two batches of cows(305 in April and 323 in June) were detected. After isolation and culture, 36 strains were isolated from 43 suspicious milk samples for drug sensitivity test. The results showed that the prevalence rate of clinical mastitis was 10.19%, and the positive rate of latent mastitis was 34.26%. The somatic cell count of two batches of milk samples was detected during the experiment. The average somatic cell count in the first milk sample was 732 800, and 81.31%(248/305) of somatic cell count was greater than or equal to 400 000. After 2 months of treatment, the second test showed that the average somatic cell count was 562 500, and 78.33%(253/323) of patients with somatic cell count greater than or equal to 400 000. The main pathogenic bacteria of cow mastitis were Staphylococcus and Streptococcus, among which Staphylococcus had the highest isolation rate. The isolated strains were highly sensitive to cephalosporin and tetracycline. The study indicates that the incidence of recessive cow mastitis is high in Xinjiang, which can be treated with cephalosporin.

关 键 词：新疆 奶牛乳房炎 主要病原 药敏特性 

分 类 号：S858.23[农业科学—临床兽医学]