延迟焦化装置停工检修作业中的危险分析和防范措施  

Hazard Analysis and Preventive Measures During Shutdown and Maintenance of Delayed Coking Unit

作　　者：尤顺 You Shun

机构地区：[1]中海沥青股份有限公司,山东滨州256600

出　　处：《化工设计通讯》2023年第2期104-107,共4页Chemical Engineering Design Communications

摘　　要：延迟焦化是加工重质油的一种工艺技术,通过将重质渣油送至焦化加热炉,加热至合适的温度,然后送至焦炭塔,停留足够的时间后进行深度裂化反应,最终将渣油转化为气体和轻、中质馏分油及焦炭等产品,具有技术成熟、投资少、转化率高的优点。但是,装置经过长时间的运行后,需要对其进行停工检修,以便于对老旧设备进行更新,对装置平时生产过程中出现的问题进行工艺或技术改造。为了提高延迟焦化装置的检修效率,降低检修过程中发生事故的概率,确保检修过程的安全,分析了某延迟焦化装置从停工到检修过程中所存在的主要危险因素,并提出了相应的防范措施,以降低停工检修成本,确保停工检修能够安全平稳进行。Delayed coking is a process technology for processing heavy oil.It has the advantages of mature technology,low investment and high conversion rate by sending the heavy residual oil to the coking furnace,heating it to the appropriate temperature,and then sending it to the coke tower for deep cracking reaction after staying for enough time.However,after a long time of operation,the device needs to be shut down for maintenance,so as to update the old equipment and carry out process or technical transformation for the problems occurred in the normal production process of the device.In order to improve the maintenance effi ciency of delayed coking unit,reduce the probability of accidents in the maintenance process,and ensure the safety of the maintenance process,this paper analyzes the main risk factors existing in the process from shutdown to maintenance of a delayed coking unit,and puts forward corresponding preventive measures to reduce the cost of shutdown maintenance and ensure that the shutdown maintenance can be carried out safely and smoothly.

关 键 词：焦化装置 停工检修 危险因素 防范措施 

分 类 号：TQ086[化学工程]