钙离子和茉莉酸灌根对菜豆叶片防御酶活性和西花蓟马取食偏好性的影响  

Effects of root irrigation with calciumions and jasmonic acid on the activities of defense enzymes in kidney bean leaves and the feeding preference of Frankliniella occidentalis

作　　者：邱馨月 郅军锐[1] 张涛 曾广[1] QIU Xinyue;ZHI Junrui;ZHANG Tao;ZENG Guang(Institute of Entomology,Guizhou University,Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory for Agriculture Pest Management in the Mountainous Region,Guiyang 550025,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州大学昆虫研究所,贵州省山地农业病虫害重点实验室,贵阳550025

出　　处：《植物保护》2023年第2期192-200,共9页Plant Protection

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31160367,31660516)。

摘　　要：为探明外源物质对菜豆植株防御酶活性和西花蓟马取食偏好性的影响。本试验分别采用CaCl_(2)和茉莉酸(JA)进行灌根,研究了西花蓟马取食前后菜豆叶片脂氧合酶(LOX)、丙二烯氧化物合酶(AOS)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)、过氧化物酶(POD)和多酚氧化酶(PPO)活性的变化,并研究了西花蓟马对JA和CaCl_(2)处理后的菜豆植株的取食偏好性。结果表明:不论CaCl_(2)还是JA灌根均可诱导菜豆防御酶AOS、LOX、CAT和SOD活性的上升,其中对CAT活性影响最大,其活性分别上升至对照的2.83倍和3.57倍,但对POD和PPO活性没有影响。西花蓟马取食CaCl_(2)处理的菜豆植株,能诱导LOX、POD和PPO活性分别上升1.40、2.03倍和2.26倍,而SOD活性则被显著抑制。西花蓟马取食JA灌根的菜豆植株能明显诱导POD和PPO活性的升高,二者活性分别是未取食植株的1.67倍和1.45倍,但AOS、LOX、CAT和SOD活性被抑制。西花蓟马2龄若虫取食CaCl_(2)和JA处理的菜豆植株,造成的损伤面积只有对照的53%和28%,取食选择率分别降低71%和66%。上述结果表明,CaCl_(2)和JA灌根能诱导菜豆植株的防御反应,减少蓟马的为害;西花蓟马取食能影响JA和CaCl_(2)灌根的菜豆植株防御酶活性的变化。This study aimed to investigate the effects of exogenous calcium and jasmonic acid(JA)on activities of defense enzyme in kidney bean plant and feeding preference of Frankliniella occidentalis.The kidney bean plants were separately treated with CaCl_(2) or JA by root irrigation.The changes of the activities of lipoxygenase(LOX),allene oxide synthase(AOS),superoxide dismutase(SOD),catalase(CAT),peroxidase(POD)and polyphenol oxidase(PPO)in the leaves of kidney bean before and after F.occidentalis feeding were assessed.At the same time,the feeding preference of F.occidentalis to kidney bean plant induced by CaCl_(2) and JA was revealed.The results showed that both CaCl_(2) and JA could increase the activities of AOS,LOX,CAT and SOD of kidney bean leaf.Among them,CAT was most activated,its activity increased 2.83 and 3.57 times of that of the control,respectively,while the activities of POD and PPO didn’t significantly change.When F.occidentalis fed kidney bean leaf induced by CaCl_(2),the activities of LOX,POD and PPO increased by 1.40,2.03 and 2.26 times,respectively,but SOD activity was significantly inhibited.When F.occidentalis fed leaf of kidney bean plant irrigated with JA,the activities of POD and PPO increased significantly to 1.67 and 1.45 times of that of healthy plant,while the activities of AOS,LOX,CAT and SOD were inhibited.When the 2nd instar larvae of F.occidentalis fed on leaves treated with CaCl_(2) and JA,the feeding areas were only 53%and 28%of that of the control,and the percentage of selectivity decreased 71%and 66%,respectively.The above results indicate that CaCl_(2) and JA irrigation can induce the defense of kidney bean plant and reduce the damage of F.occidentalis,and F.occidentalis feeding can cause the changes of defense enzyme activities of kidney bean plant irrigated with JA and CaCl_(2).

关 键 词：西花蓟马 菜豆 茉莉酸 氯化钙 灌根诱导 防御酶 取食偏好 

分 类 号：S436.412.2[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]