无患子皂苷对甜菜夜蛾的影响及其化学成分分析  

Effects of Sapindus saponin on the growth,development and reproduction of Spodoptera exigua and analysis of its chemical composition

作　　者：胡榕 马英姿[1] 刘思思[2] 陈景震[2] 肖志红[2] 李昌珠[2] HU Rong;MA Yingzi;LIU Sisi;CHEN Jingzhen;XIAO Zhihong;LI Changzhu(School of Life Science and Technology,Central South University of Forestry Science and Technology,Changsha 410004,China;State Key Laboratory of Utilization of Woody Oil Resource,Hunan Academy of Forestry,Changsha 410004,China)

机构地区：[1]中南林业科技大学生命科学与技术学院,长沙410004 [2]湖南省林业科学院,省部共建木本油料资源利用国家重点实验室,长沙410004

出　　处：《植物保护》2023年第2期201-205,226,共6页Plant Protection

基　　金：湖南省重大科技创新平台项目(2022PT1004);长株潭标志性工程计划(2019XK2002);湖南省林业科技创新资金(XLK202101-1)。

摘　　要：为明确无患子皂苷对甜菜夜蛾的控制作用,本试验分别用添加无患子皂苷(0.25、0.5、1、2、4、8、16 mg/g)的混毒饲料喂养甜菜夜蛾2龄幼虫,测定甜菜夜蛾幼虫存活率、幼虫发育历期、蛹重、化蛹率、卵孵化率、性比等指标。采用液相色谱-质谱联用仪(HPLC-MS)分析无患子皂苷中的主要化学成分。结果表明,喂饲后72 h,取食4 mg/g混皂苷饲料的甜菜夜蛾幼虫开始死亡,其幼虫存活率随皂苷浓度的升高而降低;相比空白对照组,取食4 mg/g混皂苷饲料的幼虫,其幼虫期延长8.55 d(P<0.05),蛹重降低了41.13%(P<0.05),化蛹率下降46.43%(P<0.05)。取食0.5 mg/g以及2 mg/g混皂苷饲料的幼虫其卵孵化率分别比空白对照降低9.61%、16.12%;取食混有皂苷的饲料会扰乱甜菜夜蛾的性比,其中混入2 mg/g皂苷的处理对其性比影响最大,雌性比为25.00%。从无患子皂苷中鉴定出10种皂苷类化合物,共鉴别出6种常春藤型三萜皂苷,3种齐墩果酸型三萜皂苷,1种大戟烷型三萜皂苷。In order to clarify the control effect of Sapindus saponin on Spodoptera exigua,the 2nd instar larvae of S.exigua were fed with the feed mixed with seven different concentrations(0.25,0.5,1,2,4,8 and 16 mg/g)of Sapindus saponin.The larval survival rate,larval developmental duration,pupal weight,pupation rate,egg hatching rate and sex ratio of S.exigua were measured.The main chemical components of Sapindus saponin were analyzed by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry(HPLC-MS).The results showed that the death of larvae began to appear at 72 h after feeding with 4 mg/g saponin and the survival rate of larvae decreased with increasing concentration of saponin.The larval stage prolonged by 8.55 d;the pupal weight was significantly decreased by 41.13%,and the pupation rate was significantly decreased by 46.43 compared with the control group.The egg hatching rate decreased by 9.61%and 16.12%,respectively,compared with the control group when fed with 0.5 mg/g or 2 mg/g saponin.The moth sex ratio was biased by feeding saponin,and 2 mg/g saponin had the greatest impact on the sex ratio,with a female to male ratio of 25.00%.Ten saponins were identified from Sapindus,including six ivy-type triterpenoid saponins,three oleanolic acid-type triterpene saponins,and one euphorbia-type triterpene saponin.

关 键 词：甜菜夜蛾 生长发育 繁殖 无患子皂苷 化学成分 

分 类 号：S433.4[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]