橡胶狗尾草平脐蠕孢叶斑病病原菌鉴定及生物学特性研究  

Identification and biological characteristics of the pathogen Bipolaris setariae causing leaf spot on rubber tree

作　　者：刘一贤[1] 施玉萍[1] 戴利铭 李岚岚 蔡志英[1] LIU Yixian;SHI Yuping;DAI Liming;LI Lanlan;CAI Zhiying(Yunnan Institute of Tropical Crops,Jinghong 666100,China)

机构地区：[1]云南省热带作物科学研究所,景洪666100

出　　处：《植物保护》2023年第2期227-234,242,共9页Plant Protection

基　　金：云南省财政专项(RF2022-7);云南省热带作物科学研究所青年成长基金(QNCZ2021-2)。

摘　　要：为明确采自西双版纳景洪地区疑似橡胶麻点病的病原菌,采用组织分离法进行病原菌分离,活体接种法进行致病性测定,通过形态学观察结合rDNA-ITS和GAPDH两个核苷酸片段序列分析,将病原菌确定为狗尾草平脐蠕孢Bipolaris setariae。通过单因子变量试验,对病原菌进行生物学特性研究,结果表明:菌丝生长最适温度为30℃,最适pH为7~8,最适培养基为PDA,菌丝致死温度为53℃,10 min。该病原菌能有效利用多种碳源和氮源,碳源以可溶性淀粉利用率最高,最适氮源为蛋白胨。24 h黑暗条件下培养更有利于菌丝生长。分生孢子萌发的最适温度为28~35℃,最适pH为7~8,28℃黑暗培养2 h后萌发率达到最大,为95.5%,分生孢子致死温度为60℃,10 min。In order to identify the pathogen of suspected rubber tree leaf spot disease with symptoms similar to the disease caused by Bipolaris heveae,the samples were collected from Jinghong,Xishuangbanna,and the tissue isolation method was used to isolate and culture the pathogen,and the in vivo inoculation method was used to determine its pathogenicity.The pathogen was identified as Bipolaris setariae according to the morphological characteristics and analysis of rDNA-ITS and GAPDH gene sequences.The single-factor variable experiments were carried out to determine the optimum conditions for its mycelial growth and spore germination.The results showed that the optimum temperature for mycelium growth was 30℃,and the optimum pH value was 7-8.PDA was the optimal medium for hyphal growth and the lethal temperature for the mycelium was 53℃for 10 min.A lot of carbon and nitrogen resources could be used by the pathogen,and the most suitable carbon and nitrogen sources were starch and peptone.Full dark treatment was more favorable for mycelium growth.In addition,the optimum temperature for conidial germination was 28-35℃and the optimum pH value was 7-8.The germination rate(95.5%)was the highest after culture for 2 h at 28℃in dark.The lethal temperature for the conidia was 60℃for 10 min.

关 键 词：橡胶树 叶斑病 狗尾草平脐蠕孢 生物学特性 

分 类 号：S436.85[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]