大渡河干旱河谷区林木种质资源现状及利用建议  

Present situation and utilization suggestions of forest germplasm resources in the arid valley of Dadu River

作　　者：贺维[1] 杨育林[1] 张炜[1] 尤继勇[1] 张好[1] He Wei;Yang Yulin;Zhang Wei;You Jiyong;Zhang Hao(Sichuan Academy of Forestry,Sichuan Key Laboratory of Forest and Wetland Ecological Restoration and Conservation,Chengdu Sichuan 610081,China)

机构地区：[1]四川省林业科学研究院·森林和湿地生态恢复与保育四川省重点实验室,四川成都610081

出　　处：《南方林业科学》2023年第1期41-46,共6页South China Forestry Science

基　　金：2021年森林和湿地生态恢复与保育四川省重点实验室补助项目(项目编号:KC2021SKJT09)。

摘　　要：林木种质资源是林业建设与发展的基础,关系到提高森林质量、丰富林业产品的需求。以普查、重点调查、访问、资料收集相结合的方式,在大渡河干旱河谷区丹巴县布设调查样线61条(线路总长度130 km),对全县12个乡(镇)的林木种质资源开展野外调查和数据分析,结果表明:(1)乔木、灌木、竹类和木质藤本等木本植物共计543种,其中灌木328种,占比60.40%;乔木175种,占比32.23%;木质藤本33种,占比6.08%;竹类7种,占比1.29%。(2)蔷薇科为区域最大优势科,共99种,占比18.23%;豆科31种,占比5.71%;忍冬科30种,占比5.52%;杜鹃花科27种,占比4.97%;杨柳科25种,占比4.60%。(3)从垂直分布来看,海拔2500 m以下,以旱生植被为主,适合发展林果产业;海拔2500 m以上,野生林木种质资源较为丰富。建议加大乡土树种、经济良种、彩叶树种的选育和推广,加强不同用途林木种质资源的开发利用。Forest germplasm resources were the basis of forestry construction and development,which was related to the needs of improving forest quality and enriching forestry products.By means of general survey,key investigation,interview and data collection,61 survey sample lines(with a total length of 130 km)were set up in Danba County in the arid valley area of Dadu River.The field survey and data analysis were carried out on the forest germplasm resources of 12 towns in the county.The results showed that:(1)there were 543 species of arbors,shrubs,bamboos and woody vines,and 328 species of shrubs,accounting for 60.40%;175 species of arbors,accounting for 32.23%;33 species of woody vines,accounting for 6.08%;7 species of bamboos,accounting for 1.29%.(2)Rosaceae was the most dominant family in the region,with 99 species,accounting for 18.23%;31 species of Leguminosae,accounting for 5.71%;30 species of Caprifoliaceae,accounting for 5.52%;27 species of Ericaeae,accounting for 4.97%;25 species of Salicaceae,accounting for 4.60%.(3)From the perspective of vertical distribution,the altitude below 2500 m was mainly xerophytic vegetation,which was suitable for the development of forest and fruit industry;Above 2500 m above sea level,wild forest germplasm resources were abundant.It is suggested to increase the breeding and popularization of local tree species,economic improved varieties and color leaf tree species,and strengthen the development and utilization of forest germplasm resources for different purposes.

关 键 词：大渡河 干旱河谷 林木种质资源 利用 

分 类 号：S725.1[农业科学—林木遗传育种] Q949.9[农业科学—林学]