静电纺聚偏二氟乙烯纤维膜的制备及其在油水分离中的应用  

Synthesis of electrospun PVDF nanofibrous membrane and itsapplication in oli-water separation

作　　者：杨冬[1,2] 杨凯棣 贾彤彤 李旭华 贾顺田 YANG Dong;YANG Kai-di;JIA Tong-tong;LI Xu-hua;JIA Shun-tian(College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,Key Laboratory of Chemical Additives for China National Light Industry,Shaanxi University of Science&Technology,Xi′an 710021,China;Xi′an Key Laboratory of Advanced Performance Materials and Polymers,Shaanxi University of Science&Technology,Xi′an 710021,China;College of Bioresources Chemical and Materials Engineering,Shaanxi University of Science&Technology,Xi′an 710021,China)

机构地区：[1]陕西科技大学化学与化工学院中国轻工业轻化工助剂重点实验室,陕西西安710021 [2]陕西科技大学西安市先端性能材料与高分子重点实验室,陕西西安710021 [3]陕西科技大学轻工科学与工程学院,陕西西安710021

出　　处：《陕西科技大学学报》2023年第2期78-87,共10页Journal of Shaanxi University of Science & Technology

基　　金：陕西省科技厅重点研发计划项目(2022NY-042);陕西省西安市科技局高校院所科技人员服务企业项目(22GXFW0012);陕西科技大学博士科研启动基金项目(BJ15-17)。

摘　　要：选择性透过膜用于油水分离具有能耗低、装置简便、易操作、效率高的特点,其核心在于采用过滤效率高及使用寿命长的膜材.本文采用了高压静电纺丝工艺,以聚偏二氟乙烯(PVDF)为原料,制备一种超疏水、结构可调控的电纺PVDF膜(EPVDF膜).利用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、傅立叶红外光谱(FTIR)、粉末X-射线衍射(XRD)、X-光电子能谱(XPS)等对EPVDF膜进行了形貌成份的表征,采用水接触角(WCA)对膜材表面特性进行了测试.结果表明,电纺PVDF膜的油水分离效率可达95%以上,对三种油水混合物均可实现30次以上的有效分离,其最大油通量可达到5 300 L/(m^(2)·h).Due to low energy consumption,simple device,easy operation,and high efficiency,Selective membrane has attracted more attention for oil and water separation,the key technology in this method is chosen of the membrane which possesses high filtration efficiency and longer usage life.In this paper,a superhydrophobic electrospun PVDF membrane(EPVDF membrane)with flexible structure was prepared by exploring high voltage electrospinning technique in which polyvinylidene difluoride(PVDF)was used as raw material.Scanning electron microscopy(SEM),Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FTIR),powder X-ray diffraction(XRD),and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS)were used to characterize the morphology of the prepared EPVDF membrane.Water contact angle(WCA)measurement was used to evaluate the surface characteristics of EPVDF membrane.The results show that the oil-water separation efficiencies of EPVDF film are higher than 95%,and three kinds of oil-water mixture could be effectively separated by EPVDF film more than 30 times.Moreover,the maximum oil flux can reach 5300 L/(m^(2).h)for different kinds of oil-water mixtures.

关 键 词：静电纺聚偏二氟乙烯纳米纤维膜(EPVDF) 聚偏二氟乙烯(PVDF) 静电纺丝 油水分离 油通量 

分 类 号：O69[理学—化学] TB3[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]