不同复合经营模式槟榔林下物种多样性特征研究  

Study on Species Diversity of Areca Catechu Undergrowth under Different Compound Management Patterns

作　　者：熊嘉乾 周华[1] 吴金群 黄海[1] 陈海辉 余雪标[1] XIONG Jiaqian;ZHOU Hua;WU Jinqun;HUANG Hai;CHEN Haihui;YU Xuebiao(College of Forestry,Hainan University,Haikou 570228,Hainan)

机构地区：[1]海南大学林学院,海南海口570228

出　　处：《中国热带农业》2023年第2期57-66,共10页China Tropical Agriculture

基　　金：海南省重点研发计划--海南典型槟榔园林下经济种养技术集成与示范项目(ZDYF2020075)。

摘　　要：为研究槟榔复合经营对林下植被物种多样性的影响,通过实地调查,以6种槟榔复合经营模式为研究对象,采用典型抽样的方法,对其林下植被组成和物种多样性进行研究。结果表明:不同槟榔园复合经营模式的林下物种多样性均呈现较大差异,在人工不断干扰的经营过程中,草本层是各复合经营模式林下群落的优势层,菊科、禾本科等耐逆性较强的草本植物具有高度的适应性和明显的竞争性。各模式槟榔园在林下植被Patrick丰富度指数(D)、Margalef丰富度指数(M)、Shannon-Wiener多样性指数(H’)、Pielou均匀度指数(Jw)、物种组成的相似指数和多样性阈值等指标方面存在一定差异。综合来看,槟榔园复合经营各模式林下植被的物种构成表现为数量较多的优势物种所属科类较少,而数量较少的弱势种则所属科类较多的特征。可为热带雨林国家公园建设中槟榔退出转产、发挥灌草多样性的生态效益、维持和促进槟榔林生态系统的平衡与稳定提供参考。In order to study the impact of Areca catechu compound management on the species diversity of undergrowth vegetation,six typical Areca catechu compound management models were taken as the research objects through field survey,and the composition and species diversity of undergrowth vegetation were studied by means of typical sampling.The results showed that the diversity of undergrowth species in different compound management models of Areca catechu orchard was significantly different.During the succession process of continuous artificial interference,the herb layer was the dominant layer of undergrowth communities in each compound management model.The herb plants with strong stress tolerance,such as Compositae and Gramineae,had a high degree of adaptability and obvious competitiveness.There were some differences in the index of the Patrick richness index(D),the Margalef richness index(M),the Shannon-Wiener diversity index(H′),the Pielou evenness index(Jw),species composition similarity index and diversity threshold among each model of Areca catechu orchard.In a word,the species composition of undergrowth plants under the compound management models in Areca catechu orchard was characterized by a large number of dominant species belonging to fewer families,while a small number of vulnerable species belonging to more families.The study could provide a reference for the withdrawal of Areca catechu from production,giving full play to the development of ecological benefits of shrub and grass diversity,and maintaining and promoting the balance and stability of Areca catechu forest ecosystem in the construction of tropical rain forest national parks.

关 键 词：槟榔园 模式分类 生长量 林下种植 植物多样性 

分 类 号：S792.91[农业科学—林木遗传育种]