天山北坡前山带疏花蔷薇集水造林技术措施筛选  

Research on Water Harvesting and Afforestation Technology of Rosa laxa on the Front Mountain belt of the Northern Slope of the Tianshan Mountains

作　　者：张帅 程平[2] 张齐武 王凯[2] 武胜利[1] 李宏[4] ZHANG Shuai;CHENG Ping;ZHANG Qiwu;WANG Kai;WU Shengli;LI Hong(School of Geography and Tourism of Xinjiang Normal University/Key Laboratory of Lake Environment and Resources in Arid Regions of Xinjiang,Urumqi 830054,China;College of Forestry and Horticulture,Xinjiang Agricultural University,Urumqi 830052,China;Xinjiang Forestry Key Project Quality Management Station,Urumqi 830099,China;Xinjiang Academy of Forestry,Urumqi 830092,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆师范大学地理科学与旅游学院/新疆干旱区湖泊环境与资源重点实验室,乌鲁木齐830054 [2]新疆农业大学林学与风景园林学院,乌鲁木齐830052 [3]新疆林业重点工程质量管理总站,乌鲁木齐830099 [4]新疆林业科学院,乌鲁木齐830092

出　　处：《新疆农业科学》2023年第1期161-170,共10页Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：天然林保护工程财政资金专项“新疆天山北坡前山带植被恢复技术研究与示范”(XJTB2020-03)。

摘　　要：【目的】研究不同整地方式和保水保墒措施对疏花蔷薇造林成活率、生长量及生理生化指标的影响,筛选出在天山北坡前山带区域疏花蔷薇造林最佳的综合技术措施。【方法】在水平沟、V形坑两种整地方式下,设置覆膜(A)、膨润土保水(B)、黄腐酸保墒(C)3种单项保水保墒措施以及A+B、A+C、B+C、A+B+C四种综合保水保墒措施,对照为无保水保墒措施,分析不同造林技术措施对造林地土壤含水量的影响以及疏花蔷薇生长指标、生理指标、光合特性对其响应。【结果】相同保水处理水平沟疏花蔷薇生长量、成活率与V形坑无显著差异(P>0.05),土壤含水量、光和指标、生理指标较优于V形坑;不同保水处理疏花蔷薇土壤含水量、光合特性、生理特性、生长量和存活率存在显著差异(P<0.05),均以A+B+C处理最佳,两项措施以A+B处理最优,单项措施A处理最优;通过隶属函数值法综合评价各造林技术抗旱性,水平沟A+B+C处理得分最高,V形坑CK处理得分最低。【结论】干旱、半干旱地区造林成活率在70%(含)以上为合格,选出疏花蔷薇最佳造林技术为V形坑A+B处理、V形坑A处理。【Objective】To study the effects of different land preparation methods and water and moisture conservation measures on the survival rate,growth and physiological and biochemical indexes of R.laxa plantations,and to screen the best comprehensive technical measures for R.laxa plantations in the frontal belt area of the northern slope of Tianshan Mountain.【Method】Under two types of land preparation methods,namely horizontal ditch and V-shaped pit,three single water and moisture conservation measures,namely mulching(A),bentonite water retention(B)and xanthate moisture retention(C),and four comprehensive water and moisture conservation measures,namely A+B,A+C,B+C and A+B+C,were set,and the control was no water and moisture conservation measures.We analyzed the effects of different silvicultural technical measures on soil moisture content of silvicultural land and the response of growth index,physiological index and photosynthetic characteristics of R.laxa.【Results】The growth and survival rate of R.laxa flowering were not significantly different from those of V-shaped pits(P>0.05),and the soil water content,light and physiological indexes were better than those of V-shaped pits;The soil water content,photosynthetic characteristics,physiological characteristics,growth and survival rate of R.laxa y flowering were significantly different among different water conservation treatments(P<0.05),and the best treatment was A+B+C.The drought resistance of each silvicultural technique was evaluated comprehensively by the subordinate function value method,with the highest score for the A+B+C treatment and the lowest score for the CK treatment in the horizontal ditch.【Conclusion】According to the Silvicultural Technical Regulations(GB/T 15776-2016),the survival rate of afforestation in arid and semi-arid areas is 70%(inclusive)or more for qualified,and the best silvicultural techniques for R.laxa were selected as V-pit A+B treatment and V-pit A treatment by combining the principle of minimum cost.

关 键 词：天山北坡 前山带 疏花蔷薇 造林技术 整地方式 保水保墒措施 

分 类 号：S75[农业科学—森林经理学]