废弃铝镁合金粉尘与水产氢反应的机理及影响因素  

Reaction mechanisms and influencing factors of hydrogen evolution of Al-Mg Alloy dust

作　　者：裴新月 许开立[1] 张毓媛 王犇[1] 李嘉欢 Pei Xinyue;Xu Kaili;Zhang Yuyuan;Wang Ben;Li Jiahuan(School of Resources Civil Engineering,Northeastern University,Shenyang 110819,China)

机构地区：[1]东北大学资源与土木工程学院,沈阳110819

出　　处：《材料与冶金学报》2023年第2期198-204,共7页Journal of Materials and Metallurgy

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(52074066).

摘　　要：为降低湿式除尘过程中氢气爆炸的风险,使用氢气产量测试仪分析了合金粉尘颗粒的粒径及镁含量(质量分数,下同)对铝镁合金粉尘与水产氢规律的影响,借助扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、能谱仪(EDS)和X射线衍射仪(XRD)探究了其产氢反应的机理.结果表明:铝镁合金颗粒进入水中后,会与水发生产氢反应;当合金粉尘颗粒的镁含量越高且粒径越大时,镁的吸氢作用越强,聚集在颗粒周围的MgH2也变多,会阻碍水进入颗粒,使产氢速度下降;当合金粉尘颗粒的镁含量越低且粒径越小时,镁的吸氢作用越弱,形成的MgH2减少,阻碍也变小,产氢速度明显上升.本研究可为铝镁合金粉尘作业场所预防氢气爆炸事故提供相关的理论指导.In order to reduce the risk of hydrogen explosion during the wet dedusting process,the reaction mechanism and influencing factors of waste aluminum-magnesium alloy dust and aquatic hydrogen have been studied.The influence of particle size and magnesium content on the hydrogen production law of aluminum-magnesium alloy dust and water has been studied through hydrogen production tester,and the reaction mechanism of hydrogen production has been analyzed by scanning electron microscope(SEM),energy dispersive spectrometer(EDS)and X-ray diffractometer(XRD).The results show that the water penetrates into the particles and reacts with the alloy to produce hydrogen after the aluminum-magnesium alloy particles contact the water.It has been conformed that when the magnesium content is higher and the particles are larger,the MgH2 absorption effect is greater,and a large number of MgH2 bubbles are adsorbed on the particles,hindering the entry of water into the particles and reducing the hydrogen production rate.When the magnesium content is lower and the particles are smaller,the hydrogen absorption is smaller,the hydrogen bubbles adsorbed on the particles are less,the obstruction is smaller,and the hydrogen production rate is higher.This study provides theoretical guidance for preventing hydrogen explosion accidents in aluminum-magnesium alloy dust workplaces.

关 键 词：铝镁合金粉尘 氢气 湿式除尘 

分 类 号：X932[环境科学与工程—安全科学]