西南地区森林生态安全屏障构建途径与对策  

Constructing Approaches and Ecological Countermeasures for Ecological Security Barrier in Southwest China

作　　者：刘兴良[1] 刘杉 包维楷[3] 李旭华 李贵祥 朱万泽[5] 喻理飞[6] 蔡蕾[1] 潘红丽[1] 冯秋红[1] 李慧超 徐峥静茹 胡宗达[7] 张利 刘千里 Liu Xingliang;Liu Shan;Bao Weikai;Li Xuhua;Li Guixiang;Zhu Wanze;Yu Lifei;Cai Lei;Pan Hongli;Feng Qiuhong;Li Huichao;Xu Zhengjingru;Hu Zongda;Zhang Li;Liu Qianli(Ecological Restoration and Conservation on Forest and Wetland Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province,Sichuan Academy of Forestry,Chengdu 610081,China;Beijing Forestry University,Beijing 10083,China;Chengdu Institute of Biology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Chengdu 610041,China;Yunnan Academy of Forestry and Grassland,Kunming 650204,China;Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Chengdu 610041,China;Guizhou University,Guiyang 550025,China;Sichuan Agricultural University,Wenjiang 611130,China;Aba Tibetan and Qiang Nationality Autonomous Prefecture Institute of Forestry and Grassland Science and Technology,Wenchuan 623000,China)

机构地区：[1]森林和湿地生态恢复与保育四川省重点实验室,四川省林业科学研究院,成都610081 [2]北京林业大学,北京100083 [3]中国科学院成都生物研究所,成都610041 [4]云南省林业和草原科学院,昆明650204 [5]中国科学院·水利部成都山地灾害与环境研究所,成都610041 [6]贵州大学,贵阳550025 [7]四川农业大学,温江611130 [8]阿坝州林业和草原科学技术研究所,汶川623000

出　　处：《陆地生态系统与保护学报》2022年第5期84-94,共11页Terrestrial Ecosystem and Conservation

基　　金：中国科学院野外站联盟项目(KFJ-SW-YW034)。

摘　　要：西南林区是我国第二大林区,也是我国25个生物多样性关键地区和全球生物多样性保护的热点地区之一,还是我国重要的水源涵养地和物种基因库,构建西南地区生态安全屏障,可为我国西南地区长江经济带发展战略、生态保护与修复等国家战略推进提供生态安全保障。本文论述了西南林区森林生态系统的特殊性和重要生态地位,综合分析了西南地区森林资源质量、水土流失、土地沙化、自然灾害等方面的现状与存在问题。从西南林区生态保护与修复建设目标、碳达峰碳中和任务和绿色低碳生产生活战略、防灾减灾能力与社会经济可持续发展、人民日益增长的物质与文化生活等方面,论述了建设生态安全屏障的必要性。从防护林体系科学合理的规划和总体布局、现有林保护与修复、低效林结构调整与功能提升、干热干旱河谷区植被恢复与重建等方面,提出了构建西南林区生态安全屏障的途径和生态对策,为西南地区森林生态系统多功能经营、生态系统管理、天然林保护与修复、生态安全屏障建设等提供参考。As the second largest forest region in China,the southwest forest region is one of the 25 key areas of biodiversity and one of the hotspots of global biodiversity conservation,which is also important for water conservation and a species gene pool in China.To construct the ecological security barrier in Southwestern China and provide the ecological security capability for the development strategy,ecological protection and restoration of the Yangtze River economic belt in Southwest China.We discussed the particularity and important ecological status of forest ecosystems in the southwest forest region,and the current situation and existing problems of forest resource quality,soil erosion,land desertification,natural disasters and so on were comprehensively analyzed.The necessity of building an ecological security barrier was discussed from the aspects of ecological protection and restoration of the forest zone in Southwest China,carbon peak and carbon neutralization,green and low-carbon development strategy,disaster prevention and mitigation ability,social-economic sustainable development,as well as the constantly growing material and cultural demand of the people,and so on.Based on the scientific and reasonable planning and overall layout of shelterbelt systems,protection and restoration of existing forests,structural adjustment and functional promotion of low-efficiency forests,and vegetation restoration and reconstruction in dry-hot and dry valley areas,this paper proposes approaches and ecological countermeasures for constructing ecological security barriers in the southwest forest region.Our paper provides a reference for planning multifunctional forest management,ecosystem management,natural forest protection and restoration,and ecological security barrier construction in Southwest China.

关 键 词：西南地区 生态安全屏障 亚高山地区 喀斯特地区 干热干旱河谷区 生态系统管理 

分 类 号：S762[农业科学—森林保护学]