葡萄种质资源对葡萄根结线虫的抗性评价  

Resistance evaluation of grape germplasm resources to Meloidogyne vitis

作　　者：杨艳梅 刘沛 余兴华 李云霞 杜霞 李艳 邓春菊 胡先奇 YANG Yan-mei;LIU Pei;YU Xing-hua;LI Yun-xia;DU Xia;LI Yan;DENG Chun-ju;HU Xian-qi(College of Plant Protection,Yunnan Agricultural University/State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-resources in Yunnan,Kunming,Yunnan 650201,China;Institute of Agricultural Environment&Resources,Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Science,Kunming,Yunnan 650205,China;Student Affairs Departments,Yunnan Agricultural University,Kunming,Yunnan 650201,China)

机构地区：[1]云南农业大学植物保护学院/省部共建云南生物资源保护与利用国家重点实验室,云南昆明650201 [2]云南省农业科学院农业环境资源研究所,云南昆明650205 [3]云南农业大学学生处,云南昆明650201

出　　处：《南方农业学报》2022年第12期3327-3335,共9页Journal of Southern Agriculture

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFD0201202-05);云南农业大学博士科研启动经费(A2032022086)。

摘　　要：【目的】评价葡萄种质资源对葡萄根结线虫的抗性,为葡萄根结线虫病抗性种质筛选、抗病品种布局、绿色防控技术制定提供参考依据。【方法】采用葡萄扦插幼苗人工接种2龄幼虫法,测定了20份葡萄种质材料对葡萄根结线虫的抗性评价指标(根结指数、卵粒指数、病情指数及繁殖系数),其中以红地球为对照材料,并通过聚类分析和隶属函数运算方法进行综合评价。【结果】19份葡萄种质材料的根结指数(2.95~15.97)、卵粒指数(0.77~10.14)和病情指数(46.70~93.30)均低于对照红地球,除沙巴珍珠的繁殖系数高于对照红地球外,其余18份材料的繁殖系数(0.06~0.92)均低于对照红地球;沙巴珍珠和黑比诺的4项抗性评价指标均较高,除根结指数外,其余3项抗病指标均与对照红地球无显著差异(P>0.05),为高感品种,其余品种不同抗性评价指标变化趋势不一致。以4项抗性评价指标为参数,经系统聚类和隶属函数法分析发现,20个葡萄品种对葡萄根结线虫的抗性水平分为三大类,其中,金手指、藤稔、黄金玫瑰、红宝石、美人指、美丽无核、女巫指、康能、玫瑰香、夏黑、希姆劳特11个品种为中抗材料;龙眼、紫甜无核、克伦生、奇妙、巨峰、维多利亚6个品种为感病材料;沙巴珍珠、黑比诺和红地球3个品种为高感材料。【结论】供试的20份葡萄种质材料中,有11个中抗品种,6个感病品种,3个高感品种,未发现高抗或免疫品种,抗性最强的是希姆劳特,抗性最弱的是沙巴珍珠。【Objective】Resistance to Meloidogyne vitis of grape germplasms were evaluated to provide reference for selecting M.vitis-resistant germplasm materials,arranging M.vitis-resistant varieties,and developing green prevention and control technology.【Method】Inoculating grape germplasms seedlings with second-stage larvae to determine M.vitis-resis-tance evaluation indexes(gall index,egg granule index,disease index and reproductive frequency)of 20 materials.Taking Red Globe as control materials,comprehensive evaluation was conducted through cluster analysis and subordinate func-tion operation method.【Result】Gall index(2.95-15.97),egg granule index(0.77-10.14)and disease index(46.70-93.30)of the 19 grape germplasm materials were lower than those of Red Globe,the control.Reproductive frequency(0.06-0.92)of 18 materials except for Pearl of Csaba were lower than that of Red Globe.Pearl of Csaba and Pinot Noir enjoyed 4 higher resistance indexes except for gall index,without significant difference of the other 3 resistance indexes from the control(P>0.05),indicating they were highly susceptible varieties,and the variation trend of different resistance indexes in other germplasms was not consistent.Taking 4 resistance indexes as parameters,the M.vitis-resistance levels of the 20 grape materials were divided into 3 categories by systematic cluster analysis and subordinate function operation methods.Gold Finger,Fujiminori,Golden Rose,Red Ruby,Manicure Finger,Beauty Seedless,Witch Fingers,Canadice,Muscat Hamburg,Summer Black,Himrod were mediumly M.vitis-resistant;Longyan,Purple Sweet Seedless,Crimson,Fantasy,Kyoho,Victoria were sensitive materials;Pearl of Csaba,Pinot Noir and Red Globe were highly sensitive materials.【Con-clusion】Among the 20 grape germplasm materials,11 are mediumly-resistant materials,6 are sensitive materials and 3 are highly sensitive materials.No high resistance germplasms or immune germplasms are found in tested materials,and Him-rod has the strongest resistance and the Pearl of Csaba the l

关 键 词：葡萄 种质资源 葡萄根结线虫 抗性评价 

分 类 号：S663.102.4[农业科学—果树学]