基于电容快速充放电控制的变极性微电阻点焊电源的设计  

Design of variable polarity micro-resistance spot welding power supply based on capacitance rapid charge and discharge control

作　　者：王晓庆 杨凯[1] 李浩东 陈家兑[1] WANG Xiaoqing;YANG Kai;LI Haodong;CHEN Jiadui(Key Laboratory of Manufacturing Technology of Education,Guizhou University,Guiyang 550025,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州大学现代制造技术教育部重点实验室,贵阳550025

出　　处：《焊接学报》2023年第1期63-70,I0006,共9页Transactions of The China Welding Institution

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(52265062);贵州省科技计划项目(黔科合基础ZK[2022]一般131);贵州省科技计划项目(黔科合基础[2020]1Y232);贵州省普通高等学校青年科技人才成长项目(黔教合KY字[2021]096);贵州大学引进人才科研基金(贵大人基合字(2019)07号)。

摘　　要：针对传统晶体管式电阻点焊电源负载持续率低,电源输出模式单一和焊接接头一致性差等问题,设计了一种可实现电容快速充放电的变极性晶体管式微电阻点焊电源.分析了电源负载特性,设计了基于全桥逆变+H桥双相斩波电路的电源主电路拓扑,设计了基于高性能STM32双核控制器的数字化电源控制系统,提出了多阶段变脉宽式电容组快速充电方法,开展了电源输出特性测试和铜-镍薄片单面双点工艺试验.试验结果表明,设计的电源输出负载持续率可达5%以上,极性切换时间可低至0.1 ms以下,变极性输出模式可有效解决单极性模式下因极性效应现象造成的焊点尺寸不一的问题,电压控制模式焊接过程焊接接头性能优于电流控制模式和功率控制模式.Aiming at the problems of low load duration,single power output mode,and poor consistency of welding joints of traditional transistor resistance spot welding power source,a variable polarity transistor micro resistance spot welding power source which can realize fast charge and discharge of the capacitor is designed.The load characteristics of the power supply are analyzed.The main circuit topology of the power supply based on the full-bridge inverter+H-bridge dual-phase chopper circuit is designed.The digital power control system based on the high-performance STM32 dual-core controller is designed.A multi-stage variable pulse width capacitor group fast charging method is proposed.The power output characteristic test and the copper-nickel sheet single-sided double-point process test are carried out.The test results show that the designed power supply output load persistence rate can reach more than 5%,and the polarity switching time can be as low as 0.1 ms or less.The variable polarity output mode can effectively solve the problem of different solder joint sizes caused by the polarity effect in the unipolar mode.The performance of the welded joint in the voltage control mode is better than that in the current control mode and the power control mode.

关 键 词：快速充放电 电阻点焊 变极性 极性效应 

分 类 号：TG438.2[金属学及工艺—焊接]